职业疗法的疏忽:科学如何掩盖了我们的人性。

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION
Heleen Reid, Clare Hocking, Elizabeth Smythe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:职业疗法与实证主义科学的联系早在该专业正式开始之前就已存在,其重要的知识来源来自数学、物理学、心理学和系统理论。虽然这些客观知识来源为实践提供了一个理性的、可辩解的立场,但它们只能解释作为职业存在的一部分意义:本文旨在揭示职业治疗中的一些科学史,并揭示职业治疗行业对实证主义科学的专注所掩盖的日常活动的主观性和本体论性质:本研究采用思想史方法,揭示了 1800 年至 20 世纪 80 年代期间职业疗法如何看待人,以及当时的文字描述是如何将实践概念化并付诸实施的:分析表明,在历史上,人越来越多地被分类和划分。结论:分析表明,在历史上,人越来越多地被分类和限定,实践也变得系统化,职业疗法进入了理论、科学和抽象的领域:意义:对客观性的强调削弱了对人类实践方式的关注,在人类实践方式中,主观体验是我们思考的核心。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Occupational therapy's oversight: How science veiled our humanity.

Background: Occupational therapy's connection to positivist science predates the profession's formal beginning, with important contributing knowledge sources coming from mathematics, physics, psychology, and systems theory. While these sources of objective knowledge provide a rational, defendable position for practice, they can only explain a portion of what it means to exist as an occupational being.

Aims/objectives: This article aims to reveal some of the history of science within occupational therapy and reveal the subjective, ontological nature of doing everyday activities that the profession's preoccupation with positivist science has obscured.

Methods: This research used a history of ideas methodology to uncover how occupational therapy perceived people and how practice was conceptualised and conducted between 1800 and 1980s, as depicted in writing of the time.

Conclusion: Analysis showed that, through history, people were increasingly categorised and delimited. Practice also became systematically controlled, moving occupational therapy into a theoretical, scientific, and abstract realm.

Significance: The emphasis placed on objectivity diminishes the attention given to human ways of practicing, where the subjective experience is central to our thinking.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
15.80%
发文量
45
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy is an internationally well-recognized journal that aims to provide a forum for occupational therapy research worldwide and especially the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy welcomes: theoretical frameworks, original research reports emanating from quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies, literature reviews, case studies, presentation and evaluation of instruments, evaluation of interventions, learning and teaching in OT, letters to the editor.
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