牙周炎是心血管疾病发病的风险因素:系统综述

A. S. Zykova, A. S. Opravin, A. G. Soloviev
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摘要

相关性。炎症性牙周病(IPD),尤其是牙周炎的高发病率是一个相关问题,因为牙周炎的发展会导致牙槽骨破坏和牙周附着力丧失,被认为是成年人牙齿脱落的主要原因之一。牙周病原体的不利影响不仅延伸到口腔器官和组织,还会影响全身健康。有证据表明 IPD 与心血管疾病(CVD)之间可能存在关系。在心肌、心包积液、心脏瓣膜和血管内膜中都发现了牙周病原体。研究旨在系统回顾牙周炎对心血管疾病发病风险的影响。研究采用系统综述和荟萃分析的 PRISMA(The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目)检查表,对国际和国内数据库中的科学文章和原始研究进行了系统综述。根据纳入标准,研究发现了 1857 篇文章。删除重复文章后,文章数量减少到 685 篇。其中,137 篇文章被选中进行筛选,这些文章的数据来自随机对照临床试验、纵向研究、队列研究和病例对照研究。由于研究缺乏临床诊断或明确的诊断标准,以及样本代表性不足,98 篇文章被排除在外。专家们评估了 39 篇文章,其中 7 篇因偏倚风险较高而被删除。最后,32 项研究被纳入系统综述。因此,综述证实了 IPD 与心血管疾病(如 ACVD、心肌梗死、外周血管疾病和高血压)之间存在关系的假设。牙周病原体在血液中的传播导致全身性炎症的致病影响理论是证明这种关系的关键选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Periodontitis as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development: systematic review
Relevance. The high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD) and periodontitis, in particular, is a relevant issue since the latter progression leads to alveolar bone destruction and loss of periodontal attachment and is considered one of the principal causes of tooth loss in the adult population. The adverse impact of periodontal pathogens doesn't only extend to the oral organs and tissues, but it also affects general health. There is evidence of a possible relationship between IPD and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Periodontal pathogens are found in the myocardium, pericardial fluid, heart valves and vascular intima.Purpose. The study aimed to systematically review the impact of periodontitis on the risk of cardiovascular disease development.Material and methods. The study systematically reviewed scientific articles and original studies from international and national databases using the PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Results. The study detected 1857 articles according to the inclusion criteria. After the duplicate removal, the number of articles decreased to 685. Of these, 137 articles were selected for screening, which contained data from randomized controlled clinical trials, longitudinal studies, cohort studies and case-control studies. Ninety-eight articles were excluded for the lack of clinical diagnoses or clear diagnostic criteria for the studies and the lack of sample representativeness. The experts assessed 39 articles, of which seven were removed due to a high risk of bias. Finally, 32 studies were included in the systematic review.Conclusion. Thus, the review confirms the hypothesis that there is a relationship between IPD and CVD, such as ACVD, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, and hypertension. The theory of the pathogenic influence of systemic inflammation caused by the spread of periodontal pathogens in the bloodstream is the key option for grounding this relationship.
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