Tom Behrendt, Jessica Ibanez Quisilima, Robert Bielitzki, Martin Behrens, Oleg S Glazachev, Tanja Brigadski, Volkmar Leßmann, Lutz Schega
{"title":"老年患者的脑源性神经营养因子和炎症生物标志物不受急性和慢性间歇性缺氧-过氧暴露的影响:随机对照试验。","authors":"Tom Behrendt, Jessica Ibanez Quisilima, Robert Bielitzki, Martin Behrens, Oleg S Glazachev, Tanja Brigadski, Volkmar Leßmann, Lutz Schega","doi":"10.1080/07853890.2024.2304650","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal and human studies have shown that exposure to hypoxia can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein transcription and reduce systematic inflammatory cytokine response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure (IHHE) prior to aerobic exercise on BDNF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels in geriatric patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Twenty-five geriatric patients (83.1 ± 5.0 yrs, 71.1 ± 10.0 kg, 1.8 ± 0.9 m) participated in a placebo-controlled, single-blinded trial and were randomly assigned to either an intervention (IG) or control group (CG) performing an aerobic cycling training (17 sessions, 20 min·session<sup>-1</sup>, 3 sessions·week<sup>-1</sup>). Prior to aerobic cycling exercise, the IG was additionally exposed to IHHE for 30 min, whereas the CG received continuous normoxic air. Blood samples were taken immediately before (pre-exercise) and 10 min (post-exercise) after the first session as well as 48 h (post-training) after the last session to determine serum (BDNF<sub>S</sub>) and plasma BDNF (BDNF<sub>P</sub>), IL-6, and CRP levels. Intervention effects were analyzed using a 2 x 2 analysis of covariance with repeated measures. Results were interpreted based on effect sizes with a medium effect considered as meaningful (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.06, <i>d</i> ≥ 0.5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRP was moderately higher (<i>d</i> = 0.51) in the CG compared to the IG at baseline. IHHE had no acute effect on BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.01), BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), IL-6 (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), or CRP (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.04). After the 6-week intervention, an interaction was found for BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.06) but not for BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.04), BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), IL-6 (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), or CRP (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01). BDNF serum/plasma-ratio increased from pre-exercise to post-training (<i>d</i> = 0.67) in the CG compared to the IG (<i>d</i> = 0.51). A main effect of time was found for BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.09) but not for BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.02). Within-group post-hoc analyses revealed a training-related reduction in BDNF<sub>P</sub> in the IG and CG by 46.1% (<i>d</i> = 0.73) and 24.7% (<i>d</i> = 0.57), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of 30 min IHHE prior to 20 min aerobic cycling seems not to be effective to increase BDNF<sub>S</sub> and BDNF<sub>P</sub> or to reduce IL-6 and CRP levels in geriatric patients after a 6-week intervention.The study was retrospectively registered at drks.de (DRKS-ID: DRKS00025130).</p>","PeriodicalId":93874,"journal":{"name":"Annals of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810628/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Brain-Derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory biomarkers are unaffected by acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in geriatric patients: a randomized controlled trial.\",\"authors\":\"Tom Behrendt, Jessica Ibanez Quisilima, Robert Bielitzki, Martin Behrens, Oleg S Glazachev, Tanja Brigadski, Volkmar Leßmann, Lutz Schega\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/07853890.2024.2304650\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal and human studies have shown that exposure to hypoxia can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein transcription and reduce systematic inflammatory cytokine response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure (IHHE) prior to aerobic exercise on BDNF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels in geriatric patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Twenty-five geriatric patients (83.1 ± 5.0 yrs, 71.1 ± 10.0 kg, 1.8 ± 0.9 m) participated in a placebo-controlled, single-blinded trial and were randomly assigned to either an intervention (IG) or control group (CG) performing an aerobic cycling training (17 sessions, 20 min·session<sup>-1</sup>, 3 sessions·week<sup>-1</sup>). Prior to aerobic cycling exercise, the IG was additionally exposed to IHHE for 30 min, whereas the CG received continuous normoxic air. Blood samples were taken immediately before (pre-exercise) and 10 min (post-exercise) after the first session as well as 48 h (post-training) after the last session to determine serum (BDNF<sub>S</sub>) and plasma BDNF (BDNF<sub>P</sub>), IL-6, and CRP levels. Intervention effects were analyzed using a 2 x 2 analysis of covariance with repeated measures. Results were interpreted based on effect sizes with a medium effect considered as meaningful (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.06, <i>d</i> ≥ 0.5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRP was moderately higher (<i>d</i> = 0.51) in the CG compared to the IG at baseline. IHHE had no acute effect on BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.01), BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), IL-6 (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), or CRP (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.04). After the 6-week intervention, an interaction was found for BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.06) but not for BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.04), BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), IL-6 (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01), or CRP (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> < 0.01). BDNF serum/plasma-ratio increased from pre-exercise to post-training (<i>d</i> = 0.67) in the CG compared to the IG (<i>d</i> = 0.51). A main effect of time was found for BDNF<sub>P</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.09) but not for BDNF<sub>S</sub> (η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.02). Within-group post-hoc analyses revealed a training-related reduction in BDNF<sub>P</sub> in the IG and CG by 46.1% (<i>d</i> = 0.73) and 24.7% (<i>d</i> = 0.57), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of 30 min IHHE prior to 20 min aerobic cycling seems not to be effective to increase BDNF<sub>S</sub> and BDNF<sub>P</sub> or to reduce IL-6 and CRP levels in geriatric patients after a 6-week intervention.The study was retrospectively registered at drks.de (DRKS-ID: DRKS00025130).</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93874,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of medicine\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810628/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2304650\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/1/22 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2304650","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/22 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain-Derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory biomarkers are unaffected by acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in geriatric patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Background: Animal and human studies have shown that exposure to hypoxia can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein transcription and reduce systematic inflammatory cytokine response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure (IHHE) prior to aerobic exercise on BDNF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels in geriatric patients.
Patients and methods: Twenty-five geriatric patients (83.1 ± 5.0 yrs, 71.1 ± 10.0 kg, 1.8 ± 0.9 m) participated in a placebo-controlled, single-blinded trial and were randomly assigned to either an intervention (IG) or control group (CG) performing an aerobic cycling training (17 sessions, 20 min·session-1, 3 sessions·week-1). Prior to aerobic cycling exercise, the IG was additionally exposed to IHHE for 30 min, whereas the CG received continuous normoxic air. Blood samples were taken immediately before (pre-exercise) and 10 min (post-exercise) after the first session as well as 48 h (post-training) after the last session to determine serum (BDNFS) and plasma BDNF (BDNFP), IL-6, and CRP levels. Intervention effects were analyzed using a 2 x 2 analysis of covariance with repeated measures. Results were interpreted based on effect sizes with a medium effect considered as meaningful (ηp2 ≥ 0.06, d ≥ 0.5).
Results: CRP was moderately higher (d = 0.51) in the CG compared to the IG at baseline. IHHE had no acute effect on BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.01), BDNFP (ηp2 < 0.01), BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (ηp2 < 0.01), IL-6 (ηp2 < 0.01), or CRP (ηp2 = 0.04). After the 6-week intervention, an interaction was found for BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (ηp2 = 0.06) but not for BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.04), BDNFP (ηp2 < 0.01), IL-6 (ηp2 < 0.01), or CRP (ηp2 < 0.01). BDNF serum/plasma-ratio increased from pre-exercise to post-training (d = 0.67) in the CG compared to the IG (d = 0.51). A main effect of time was found for BDNFP (ηp2 = 0.09) but not for BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.02). Within-group post-hoc analyses revealed a training-related reduction in BDNFP in the IG and CG by 46.1% (d = 0.73) and 24.7% (d = 0.57), respectively.
Conclusion: The addition of 30 min IHHE prior to 20 min aerobic cycling seems not to be effective to increase BDNFS and BDNFP or to reduce IL-6 and CRP levels in geriatric patients after a 6-week intervention.The study was retrospectively registered at drks.de (DRKS-ID: DRKS00025130).