空气污染对哮喘的影响:临床结果、当前流行病学和健康差异。

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1080/17476348.2024.2307545
Ryan J Fiter, Lila J Murphy, Michelle N Gong, Krystal L Cleven
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:空气污染已被证明对包括哮喘在内的呼吸道疾病的发病率和死亡率有重大影响:室外空气污染由包括车辆交通和工业污染在内的各种污染物混合而成。研究表明,空气污染中存在一系列单个成分,其中最常见的是 PM2.5、二氧化氮、二氧化硫和臭氧,而最新的文献则指出了黑碳和挥发性有机化合物等其他污染物。流行病学和队列研究描述了与污染有关的哮喘的发病率和流行率,并调查了急性和慢性空气污染暴露与哮喘结果的关系。越来越多的文献将污染暴露的差异与临床结果联系起来。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们评估了已发表的调查污染与哮喘结果相关性的研究,重点关注成年人群和医疗保健差异:污染对呼吸系统健康有多种有害影响,但目前缺乏个性化污染监测数据,因此难以确定暴露与症状之间的时间关系,从而限制了我们对安全暴露水平的了解。未来的研究应侧重于更个性化的监测和治疗计划,以减少暴露量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The impact of air pollution on asthma: clinical outcomes, current epidemiology, and health disparities.

Introduction: Air pollution has been shown to have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality of respiratory illnesses including asthma.

Areas covered: Outdoor air pollution consists of a mixture of individual pollutants including vehicle traffic and industrial pollution. Studies have implicated an array of individual components of air pollution, with PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and ozone being the most classically described, and newer literature implicating other pollutants such as black carbon and volatile organic compounds. Epidemiological and cohort studies have described incidence and prevalence of pollution-related asthma and investigated both acute and chronic air pollution exposure as they relate to asthma outcomes. There is an increasing body of literature tying disparities in pollution exposure to clinical outcomes. In this narrative review, we assessed the published research investigating the association of pollution with asthma outcomes, focusing on the adult population and health care disparities.

Expert opinion: Pollution has multiple deleterious effects on respiratory health but there is a lack of data on individualized pollution monitoring, making it difficult to establish a temporal relationship between exposure and symptoms, thereby limiting our understanding of safe exposure levels. Future research should focus on more personalized monitoring and treatment plans for mitigating exposure.

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