澳大利亚昆士兰莫尔顿湾沿海湿地地表抬升和树木生长的十年趋势

IF 2.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Vicki Bennion, John M. Dwyer, Alice J. Twomey, Catherine E. Lovelock
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市环境周围的沿海湿地提供了许多重要的生态系统服务,包括防止海岸侵蚀、土壤固碳以及海洋和陆地动物的栖息地。它们能否随着海平面的上升而持续存在,取决于它们能否以与海平面上升速度相当的速度增加土壤表面高度。沉积物和植物生长产生的有机物都有助于提高土壤表面的海拔高度,但这些成分的重要性因地而异,并随着长时间范围内气候的变化而变化,而我们很少能对这些变化进行监测。在此,我们分析了澳大利亚昆士兰莫尔顿湾 15 年间地表高程、地表增生和红树林生长的变化,这段时间跨越了厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜(ENSO)周期的变化,厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜周期对该地区的降雨量和海平面有很大影响。我们采用分段结构方程模型来评估生物因素(树木生长、植物覆盖率和无脊椎动物的生物扰动)和环境因素对这一时期每年海平面增高的影响。我们的红树林模型发现,地表增生和树木生长都受到降雨量的积极影响,但地表海拔却不受影响,因此推断在高降雨量/高海平面年份土壤剖面的压实程度较高。与此相反,我们的盐沼模型发现,降雨对地表增生和海拔升高有积极影响。红树林地表海拔的下降受红树林物种组成的影响,以 Avicennia marina 为主的红树林比以 Rhizophora stylosa 为主的红树林海拔下降的程度更高。厄尔尼诺/南方涛动的十年尺度变化影响了红树林的生长,但地表海拔趋势受环境条件变化的影响比受树木生长的影响更大,尽管生物因素(红树林物种组成和生物扰动)对地表海拔趋势也有影响。对厄尔尼诺/南方涛动极端事件(降雨量高、海平面高的拉尼娜现象或降雨量低、海平面低的厄尔尼诺现象)临界点的进一步研究将有助于明确莫尔顿湾红树林和盐沼分布的未来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Decadal Trends in Surface Elevation and Tree Growth in Coastal Wetlands of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia

Decadal Trends in Surface Elevation and Tree Growth in Coastal Wetlands of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia

Coastal wetlands surrounding urban environments provide many important ecosystem services including protection from coastal erosion, soil carbon sequestration and habitat for marine and terrestrial fauna. Their persistence with sea-level rise depends upon their capacity to increase their soil surface elevation at a rate comparable to the rate of sea-level rise. Both sediment and organic matter from plant growth contribute to gains in soil surface elevation, but the importance of these components varies among sites and with variation in climate over long time scales, for which monitoring is seldom available. Here, we analysed variation in surface elevation, surface accretion and mangrove tree growth over 15 years in Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia, a period that spans variation in the El Niño/La Niña (ENSO) cycle, which strongly influences rainfall and sea level in the region. Piecewise structural equation models were used to assess the effects of biotic (tree growth, plant cover and bioturbation by invertebrates) and environmental factors on annual surface elevation increments throughout this period. Our model for mangroves identified that surface accretion and tree growth were both positively influenced by rainfall, but surface elevation was not, and thus, higher levels of compaction of the soil profile in high rainfall/high sea level years were inferred. In contrast, our saltmarsh model found that rainfall positively influenced surface accretion and elevation gains. Declines in surface elevation in the mangroves were influenced by the species composition of the mangrove, with higher levels of elevation loss occurring in mangrove forests dominated by Avicennia marina compared to those with a higher proportion of Rhizophora stylosa. Decadal-scale variation in ENSO affected mangrove tree growth, but surface elevation trends were more strongly influenced by variation in environmental conditions than by tree growth, although effects of biotic factors (mangrove species composition and bioturbation) on surface elevation trends were observed. Further research into tipping points with extreme ENSO events (either La Niña with high rainfall and high sea level or El Niño with low rainfall and low sea levels) will help clarify the future of mangrove and saltmarsh distribution within Moreton Bay.

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来源期刊
Estuaries and Coasts
Estuaries and Coasts 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
107
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Estuaries and Coasts is the journal of the Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation (CERF). Begun in 1977 as Chesapeake Science, the journal has gradually expanded its scope and circulation. Today, the journal publishes scholarly manuscripts on estuarine and near coastal ecosystems at the interface between the land and the sea where there are tidal fluctuations or sea water is diluted by fresh water. The interface is broadly defined to include estuaries and nearshore coastal waters including lagoons, wetlands, tidal fresh water, shores and beaches, but not the continental shelf. The journal covers research on physical, chemical, geological or biological processes, as well as applications to management of estuaries and coasts. The journal publishes original research findings, reviews and perspectives, techniques, comments, and management applications. Estuaries and Coasts will consider properly carried out studies that present inconclusive findings or document a failed replication of previously published work. Submissions that are primarily descriptive, strongly place-based, or only report on development of models or new methods without detailing their applications fall outside the scope of the journal.
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