基于形态学和分子数据的中国块菌属物种多样性、系统发育、特有性和地理分布。

IF 9.5 1区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY
Persoonia Pub Date : 2022-07-12 Epub Date: 2022-05-27 DOI:10.3767/persoonia.2023.48.05
L Fan, T Li, Y Y Xu, X Y Yan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

块菌属(块菌科,Pezizales)是子囊菌目(Ascomycota)中一个重要的真菌类群,在经济学和生态学上都具有重要意义。然而,人们对中国块菌属的物种多样性、系统发育关系和地理分布仍然知之甚少,这主要是因为许多新物种的描述严重依赖于形态特征,而分子数据要么未被寻求,要么被忽视。欧洲和北美名称的误用进一步加剧了中国块茎类物种分类的混乱。在本研究中,我们考察了来自中国的 1000 多份标本,并利用 ITS 序列和多焦点序列数据对中国块茎属物种进行了全面的系统发育分析。为了推断中国块茎属植物的系统发育,我们建立了 11 个分子数据集、为了推断中国块茎属植物的系统发育,我们收集了11个分子数据集,包括nuc rDNA内部转录间隔序列(ITS)、nuc rDNA 28S亚基(LSU)、翻译延伸因子1-α(tef1-α)和RNA聚合酶II亚基(rpb2)数据集以及10个ITS数据集(共包括来自828个保藏品的1 435个序列,其中597个为新产生的序列,168个序列来自63个物种的类型)。基于多分叉数据集的系统发生树显示,所有中国块茎类物种都嵌套在 9 个系统发生支系(系统群)中,包括 Aestivum、Excavatum、Latisporum、Macrosporum、Maculatum、Melanosporum、Puberulum、Rufum 和 Turmericum。其中,五个系统群(Macrosporum、Maculatum、Melanosporum、Puberulum 和 Rufum)为亚洲、欧洲和北美洲大陆所共有;两个系统群(Aestivum 和 Excavatum)为欧洲和亚洲所共有;Turmericum 和 Latisporum 系统群仅为亚洲特有。基于 10 个 ITS 数据集的系统发生树证实,中国至少有 82 个系统发生种。其中,53 个物种被确定为已知物种,包括 3 个中国新记录,25 个物种被确定为科学新物种。在新种中,本文对 9 个物种进行了描述和图示,其他物种由于缺乏或没有产气孔材料而仍未命名。因此,本文讨论了中国已确认、排除和可疑的块茎属物种。块茎类呈现高度地方性。在中国发现的 82 个系统发育种中,68 个种仅分布于中国,6 个种也分布于亚洲其他地区,只有 8 个种(T. anniae、T. excelsum-reticulatum、T. formosanum、T. maculatum、T. wenchuanense、Tuber sp.CHN-3、Tuber sp.CHN-10 和 Tuber sp.CHN-11)与其他大陆共有。大多数块茎属物种在中国的分布范围较小且有限,但也有少数物种(如 T. formosanum 和 T. parvomurphium)广泛分布于中国各地。一些在系统发育上密切相关的物种,如辽东块菌(T. liaotongense)和亚球茎块菌(T. subglobosum),以及宣化块菌(T. xuanhuaense)和丽江块菌(T. lijiangense),呈现出同域分布的模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Species diversity, phylogeny, endemism and geography of the truffle genus Tuber in China based on morphological and molecular data.

The genus Tuber (Tuberaceae, Pezizales) is an important fungal group of Ascomycota both economically and ecologically. However, the species diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and geographic distribution of Tuber species in China remains poorly understood, primarily because descriptions of many new species relied heavily on morphological features with molecular data either not sought or ignored. The misapplication of European and North American names further added to confusion regarding the taxonomy of Chinese Tuber species. In this study, we examined more than 1 000 specimens from China, and performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis for Chinese Tuber species using ITS sequences and multilocus sequence data. To infer the phylogeny of Chinese Tuber spp., 11 molecular datasets were assembled, including a concatenated internal transcribed spacers of the nuc rDNA (ITS), nuc rDNA 28S subunit (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), and RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) dataset as well as 10 ITS datasets (totally including 1 435 sequences from 828 collections with 597 newly generated sequences, and 168 sequences from the types of 63 species). Our phylogenetic tree based on a concatenated multilocus dataset revealed that all Chinese Tuber species nested in nine phylogenetic clades (phylogroups), including Aestivum, Excavatum, Latisporum, Macrosporum, Maculatum, Melanosporum, Puberulum, Rufum and Turmericum. Of these, five phylogroups (Macrosporum, Maculatum, Melanosporum, Puberulum and Rufum) are shared across the continents of Asia, Europe and North America; two phylogroups (Aestivum and Excavatum) are shared by Europe and Asia; and the phylogroups Turmericum and Latisporum are endemic only to Asia. Phylogenetic trees based on 10 ITS datasets confirmed the presence of at least 82 phylogenetic species in China. Of these, 53 are identified as known species, including three new records for China, and 25 species are identified as new to science. Of the new species, nine are described and illustrated in this paper, and the others remain unnamed due to the paucity or absence of ascomatal materials. Accordingly, the confirmed, excluded and doubtful Tuber species in China are discussed. Tuber species showed high endemism. Of the 82 phylogenetic species found in China, 68 species occur only in China, six species are also found in other regions in Asia, and only eight species (T. anniae, T. excelsum-reticulatum, T. formosanum, T. maculatum, T. wenchuanense, Tuber sp. CHN-3, Tuber sp. CHN-10 and Tuber sp. CHN-11) are shared with other continents. Most Tuber species have a small and limited distribution in China, but a few, such as T. formosanum and T. parvomurphium, are widely distributed across China. Some phylogenetically closely related species, such as T. liaotongense and T. subglobosum, as well as T. xuanhuaense and T. lijiangense, show a pattern of allopatric distribution.

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来源期刊
Persoonia
Persoonia MYCOLOGY-
CiteScore
17.70
自引率
5.50%
发文量
10
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Persoonia aspires to publish papers focusing on the molecular systematics and evolution of fungi. Additionally, it seeks to advance fungal taxonomy by employing a polythetic approach to elucidate the genuine phylogeny and relationships within the kingdom Fungi. The journal is dedicated to disseminating high-quality papers that unravel both known and novel fungal taxa at the DNA level. Moreover, it endeavors to provide fresh insights into evolutionary processes and relationships. The scope of papers considered encompasses research articles, along with topical and book reviews.
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