Ola Siljeholm, Kerstin Edvardsson, Malin Bergström, Anders Hammarberg
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The aim of the current trial was to compare the efficacy of CRAFT with an active control for parents of young adults (aged 18–24 years) with hazardous substance use.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Design</h3>\n \n <p>This was a randomized controlled superiority trial comparing CRAFT (<i>n</i> = 58) with an active control group receiving manualized counselling (<i>n</i> = 55), with outcome assessments at 6, 12 and 24 weeks (primary end-point). A sequential design with a stopping rule was added post recruitment commencement.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Setting</h3>\n \n <p>The study took place in two outpatient clinics for young adults in Stockholm, Sweden, and subsequently via video-conference due to COVID-19.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Participants</h3>\n \n <p>Between October 2018 and May 2021, 113 participants (92% female) who were parents of young adults (87% male) were recruited. Recruitment was discontinued when 70% of the planned sample had been recruited, following an interim analysis of the primary outcome showing no difference between conditions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Intervention and comparator</h3>\n \n <p>Participants were randomized (ratio 1 : 1) to eight manual-based individual CRAFT sessions or five individual manual-based counselling sessions + one voluntary psychoeducative group session, delivered over maximum 14 weeks.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Measurements</h3>\n \n <p>The primary outcome measure was the rate of young adult entry in substance use treatment during the trial period (24 weeks).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Findings</h3>\n \n <p>At the 24 weeks follow-up, 19 (33%) of CRAFT participants and 17 (31%) of counselling participants had reported young adult treatment entry, with no difference between conditions (odds ratio CRAFT versus counselling 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.35; 1.99, <i>P</i> = 0.700). Both conditions reported clinically relevant reductions in young adult substance use, but no change in participants’ levels of depression, anxiety or stress.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This trial showed no statistically significant evidence that Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT), a support programme for concerned significant others of people with substance use disorders, is more efficacious than manual-based counselling regarding treatment entry for young adults.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":"119 5","pages":"915-927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.16429","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Community Reinforcement and Family Training versus counselling for parents of treatment-refusing young adults with hazardous substance use: A randomized controlled trial\",\"authors\":\"Ola Siljeholm, Kerstin Edvardsson, Malin Bergström, Anders Hammarberg\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/add.16429\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background and aims</h3>\\n \\n <p>Despite the high prevalence and negative effects of hazardous substance use, few young adults enter treatment. 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A sequential design with a stopping rule was added post recruitment commencement.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Setting</h3>\\n \\n <p>The study took place in two outpatient clinics for young adults in Stockholm, Sweden, and subsequently via video-conference due to COVID-19.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Participants</h3>\\n \\n <p>Between October 2018 and May 2021, 113 participants (92% female) who were parents of young adults (87% male) were recruited. 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Community Reinforcement and Family Training versus counselling for parents of treatment-refusing young adults with hazardous substance use: A randomized controlled trial
Background and aims
Despite the high prevalence and negative effects of hazardous substance use, few young adults enter treatment. Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT), a support programme for concerned significant others of people with substance use disorders, has proved efficacious in promoting treatment entry. The aim of the current trial was to compare the efficacy of CRAFT with an active control for parents of young adults (aged 18–24 years) with hazardous substance use.
Design
This was a randomized controlled superiority trial comparing CRAFT (n = 58) with an active control group receiving manualized counselling (n = 55), with outcome assessments at 6, 12 and 24 weeks (primary end-point). A sequential design with a stopping rule was added post recruitment commencement.
Setting
The study took place in two outpatient clinics for young adults in Stockholm, Sweden, and subsequently via video-conference due to COVID-19.
Participants
Between October 2018 and May 2021, 113 participants (92% female) who were parents of young adults (87% male) were recruited. Recruitment was discontinued when 70% of the planned sample had been recruited, following an interim analysis of the primary outcome showing no difference between conditions.
Intervention and comparator
Participants were randomized (ratio 1 : 1) to eight manual-based individual CRAFT sessions or five individual manual-based counselling sessions + one voluntary psychoeducative group session, delivered over maximum 14 weeks.
Measurements
The primary outcome measure was the rate of young adult entry in substance use treatment during the trial period (24 weeks).
Findings
At the 24 weeks follow-up, 19 (33%) of CRAFT participants and 17 (31%) of counselling participants had reported young adult treatment entry, with no difference between conditions (odds ratio CRAFT versus counselling 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.35; 1.99, P = 0.700). Both conditions reported clinically relevant reductions in young adult substance use, but no change in participants’ levels of depression, anxiety or stress.
Conclusions
This trial showed no statistically significant evidence that Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT), a support programme for concerned significant others of people with substance use disorders, is more efficacious than manual-based counselling regarding treatment entry for young adults.
期刊介绍：
Addiction publishes peer-reviewed research reports on pharmacological and behavioural addictions, bringing together research conducted within many different disciplines.
Its goal is to serve international and interdisciplinary scientific and clinical communication, to strengthen links between science and policy, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. We seek submissions that are not only technically competent but are also original and contain information or ideas of fresh interest to our international readership. We seek to serve low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries as well as more economically developed countries.
Addiction’s scope spans human experimental, epidemiological, social science, historical, clinical and policy research relating to addiction, primarily but not exclusively in the areas of psychoactive substance use and/or gambling. In addition to original research, the journal features editorials, commentaries, reviews, letters, and book reviews.
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