Modelling the redox imbalance and oxidative stress in the hippocampus at aluminum neurotoxicity and initiating the coenzyme А biosynthesis

An Alzheimer-like pathological process was induced in mature female Wistar CRL: (WI) WUBR rats using aluminum chloride (200 mg/kg, intragastrically, 6 weeks) in order to model redox imbalance and oxidative stress (OS) in the hippocampus and study the possibilities of their correction 2 weekly administration of coenzyme A biosynthesis modulators (panthenol – PL, pantethine – PT, homopantothenate – HP) at a dose of 200 mg/kg intragastrically for 2 weeks). Against the background of activation of peroxidation processes and a decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity, a decrease in the reduction potential of glutathione and the level of the acid-soluble fraction of CoA was observed with a simultaneous increase in the activity of glutathione-metabolizing enzymes (GR, GPx, GST), the process of S-glutathionylation of proteins and the level of protein thiols. The consumption of the precursors of CoA biosynthesis in full (PL, PT) or in part (HP) had an antioxidant effect, restored the activity of AChE, the level and reduction potential of glutathione and glutathione-metabolizing enzymes, the process of S-glutathionylation, and stimulated the activity of enzymes generating NADPH+. Taking into account the low modulating effect of coenzyme precursors on the level of CoA in the hippocampus and their high redox pharmacological activity, their non-coenzymatic effect on redox mechanisms leading to an increase in the bioavailability of reducing equivalents and energy status is assumed.