基本面转变会阻碍贸易吗?一项实验

IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 ECONOMICS
Christoph Engel, Eric Helland
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引用次数: 0

摘要

奥利弗-威廉姆森创造了 "根本性转变 "一词。它反映了以下情况:在达成交易之前,买卖双方都受到竞争的保护。然而,在此之后,他们发现自己处于双边垄断中。在对标准偏好有共同认知的情况下,无论合同的预期价值是否超过他们的外部选择,双方都会签订合同。我们进行了一项实验,以检验额外的行为问题是否会阻碍互利贸易。我们测试了四种担忧:如果风险实现,另一个人将获得暴利;她通过故意剥削另一个人获得暴利;被剥削的人可能是她的指定伙伴;被辜负的人是她的合同伙伴,因此自愿承担这种风险。行为效应具有异质性。在一个标准的学生课题库中,约有四分之一的参与者表现出假设的额外威慑效应。如果参与者与来自世界其他地方的随机伙伴互动,则这一比例会超过三分之一。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Does the Fundamental Transformation Deter Trade? An Experiment
Oliver Williamson has coined the term “fundamental transformation.” It captures the following situation: before they strike a deal, buyers and sellers are protected by competition. Yet, thereafter, they find themselves in a bilateral monopoly. With common knowledge of standard preferences, both sides would conclude the contract regardless if its expected value exceeds their outside options. We run an experiment to test whether additional behavioral concerns deter mutually beneficial trade. We test four concerns: If the risk materializes, another individual makes a windfall profit; she does so by intentionally exploiting another individual; the exploited individual may be her assigned partner; the individual that is let down is her contractual partner, and hence has voluntarily exposed herself to this risk. Behavioral effects are heterogeneous. About a quarter of participants from a standard student subject pool exhibit the hypothesized additional deterrent effect. This fraction is bigger than a third if participants interact with a random partner from somewhere in the world.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: The rise of the field of law and economics has been extremely rapid over the last 25 years. Among important developments of the 1990s has been the founding of the American Law and Economics Association. The creation and rapid expansion of the ALEA and the creation of parallel associations in Europe, Latin America, and Canada attest to the growing acceptance of the economic perspective on law by judges, practitioners, and policy-makers.
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