{"title":"垃圾降解真菌群落的跨时空功能冗余","authors":"Yuanyuan Bao, Jan Dolfing, Xin Li, Ruirui Chen, Xiaodan Cui, Zhongpei Li, Xiangui Lin, Youzhi Feng","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12086","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Introduction</h3>\n \n <p>Microbial-driven litter decomposition contributes significantly to global carbon (C) turnover. Fungi play central roles in the degradation process due to their ability to hydrolyse recalcitrant litter components. The spatiotemporal variations in taxonomic composition of litter-degrading fungi have been well documented. However, associated variations in litter-degradation-related functional composition of fungal communities remain unexplored.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>In this study, a 16-week field-based buried rice straw experiment was conducted at three experimental sites across subtropical China in combination with laboratory <sup>13</sup>C-straw-based DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) microcosm experiments. Amplicon sequencing combined with shotgun metagenomic sequencing were the approaches of choice.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The field experiment showed that the taxonomic composition of the straw-degrading fungal community was highly variable while the functional composition was rather stable. The higher permutational multivariate analysis of variation <i>F</i> scores (20.904−48.660) and the steeper slopes (1.92 E-04−4.15E-04) of the distance decay relationship for taxonomic composition than for function across periods (with lower <i>F</i> scores = 7.047−21.601 and gradual slopes = −1.33 E-05 to −1.03E-04) both indicated that the spatiotemporal patterns of functional composition in litter-degrading fungi community were more conserved. The laboratory DNA-SIP confirmed the field observations and showed that the conserved functional composition in litter-degrading fungi was underpinned by a high functional redundancy of Basidiomycota.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Function and taxonomy of litter-degrading fungi were decoupled. The functional composition of the litter-degrading fungal community was highly conserved in space and time, the taxonomic composition less so. The main drivers behind the observed taxonomic decoupling are probably/most likely functional redundancy and metabolic niche selection resulting in conservation of function, with changing environmental conditions and dispersal limitation drove the observed high taxonomic turnover of the community over the course of the litter degradation progression. Our study provides valuable insights in the ecology of fungi and their roles in in global C sequestration for ecosystem sustainable development.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12086","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Functional redundancy across space and time in litter-degrading fungal communities\",\"authors\":\"Yuanyuan Bao, Jan Dolfing, Xin Li, Ruirui Chen, Xiaodan Cui, Zhongpei Li, Xiangui Lin, Youzhi Feng\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/sae2.12086\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Introduction</h3>\\n \\n <p>Microbial-driven litter decomposition contributes significantly to global carbon (C) turnover. Fungi play central roles in the degradation process due to their ability to hydrolyse recalcitrant litter components. The spatiotemporal variations in taxonomic composition of litter-degrading fungi have been well documented. However, associated variations in litter-degradation-related functional composition of fungal communities remain unexplored.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>In this study, a 16-week field-based buried rice straw experiment was conducted at three experimental sites across subtropical China in combination with laboratory <sup>13</sup>C-straw-based DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) microcosm experiments. Amplicon sequencing combined with shotgun metagenomic sequencing were the approaches of choice.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The field experiment showed that the taxonomic composition of the straw-degrading fungal community was highly variable while the functional composition was rather stable. The higher permutational multivariate analysis of variation <i>F</i> scores (20.904−48.660) and the steeper slopes (1.92 E-04−4.15E-04) of the distance decay relationship for taxonomic composition than for function across periods (with lower <i>F</i> scores = 7.047−21.601 and gradual slopes = −1.33 E-05 to −1.03E-04) both indicated that the spatiotemporal patterns of functional composition in litter-degrading fungi community were more conserved. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
引言 微生物驱动的垃圾分解对全球碳（C）周转做出了重大贡献。真菌具有水解难降解垃圾成分的能力，因此在降解过程中发挥着核心作用。垃圾降解真菌分类组成的时空变化已被充分记录。然而，与垃圾降解相关的真菌群落功能组成的相关变化仍有待探索。 材料与方法 本研究在中国亚热带地区的三个实验点进行了为期 16 周的稻草埋藏田间试验，并结合实验室 13C 稻草 DNA 稳定同位素探针（DNA-SIP）微生态系统实验。采用扩增子测序与枪式元基因组测序相结合的方法。 结果 田间试验表明，秸秆降解真菌群落的分类组成变化很大，而功能组成则相当稳定。与不同时期的功能相比（较低的 F 分数 = 7.047-21.601，渐变斜率 = -1.33 E-05 至 -1.03 E-04），分类组成的变异 F 分数（20.904-48.660）更高，距离衰减关系的斜率（1.92 E-04-4.15E-04）更陡，这都表明垃圾降解真菌群落功能组成的时空模式更加保守。实验室 DNA-SIP 证实了野外观察结果，并表明垃圾降解真菌群落功能组成的保守性是由基生真菌的高度功能冗余性所支撑的。 结论 垃圾降解真菌的功能和分类是分离的。垃圾降解真菌群落的功能组成在空间和时间上高度保守，而分类组成则不那么保守。所观察到的分类学解耦背后的主要驱动因素可能/最可能是功能冗余和代谢生态位选择导致的功能保护，而不断变化的环境条件和扩散限制则导致了所观察到的群落在垃圾降解过程中的高度分类学更替。我们的研究为真菌生态学及其在全球固碳以促进生态系统可持续发展中的作用提供了宝贵的见解。
Functional redundancy across space and time in litter-degrading fungal communities
Introduction
Microbial-driven litter decomposition contributes significantly to global carbon (C) turnover. Fungi play central roles in the degradation process due to their ability to hydrolyse recalcitrant litter components. The spatiotemporal variations in taxonomic composition of litter-degrading fungi have been well documented. However, associated variations in litter-degradation-related functional composition of fungal communities remain unexplored.
Materials and Methods
In this study, a 16-week field-based buried rice straw experiment was conducted at three experimental sites across subtropical China in combination with laboratory 13C-straw-based DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) microcosm experiments. Amplicon sequencing combined with shotgun metagenomic sequencing were the approaches of choice.
Results
The field experiment showed that the taxonomic composition of the straw-degrading fungal community was highly variable while the functional composition was rather stable. The higher permutational multivariate analysis of variation F scores (20.904−48.660) and the steeper slopes (1.92 E-04−4.15E-04) of the distance decay relationship for taxonomic composition than for function across periods (with lower F scores = 7.047−21.601 and gradual slopes = −1.33 E-05 to −1.03E-04) both indicated that the spatiotemporal patterns of functional composition in litter-degrading fungi community were more conserved. The laboratory DNA-SIP confirmed the field observations and showed that the conserved functional composition in litter-degrading fungi was underpinned by a high functional redundancy of Basidiomycota.
Conclusion
Function and taxonomy of litter-degrading fungi were decoupled. The functional composition of the litter-degrading fungal community was highly conserved in space and time, the taxonomic composition less so. The main drivers behind the observed taxonomic decoupling are probably/most likely functional redundancy and metabolic niche selection resulting in conservation of function, with changing environmental conditions and dispersal limitation drove the observed high taxonomic turnover of the community over the course of the litter degradation progression. Our study provides valuable insights in the ecology of fungi and their roles in in global C sequestration for ecosystem sustainable development.
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