教育体制与学习压力--比较视角

IF 3 3区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Björn Högberg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

青少年的学业压力会影响学习成绩,损害心理健康。不同国家和教育体制下的学业压力水平差异很大,但人们对造成这种差异的原因却知之甚少。在本文中,我提出了一个理论框架,认为在教育体制中,如果降低了对学业成绩的重视程度,缓和了竞争和高期望值,并削弱了成绩与自我价值之间的联系,那么压力就会降低。我利用 30 多个国家学生的统一调查数据,分析压力是否受教育系统外部差异化程度和职业导向的影响,以此检验该框架的可观察影响。实证分析在很大程度上支持该框架的含义:在差异化程度较高和职业导向性较强的教育体系中,学生报告的压力水平明显较低,在调整国家固定效应的模型中也是如此。此外,在分层教育或职业教育体制下,学业成绩对压力的预测作用较小,这可能是由于对成绩的重视程度较低。最后,我提出了该框架的进一步预测,可在今后的研究中加以检验,并讨论了研究结果对不同教育政策目标之间可能的权衡所产生的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Education systems and academic stress—A comparative perspective

Education systems and academic stress—A comparative perspective

Academic stress among adolescents can undermine academic achievement and harm mental health. Levels of academic stress vary considerably across countries and education systems, but little is known regarding the causes of this variation. In this paper, I develop a theoretical framework positing that stress will be lower in education systems that reduce the stakes attached to academic achievements, temper competition and high aspirations, and weaken the link between achievements and self-worth. I test observable implications of the framework by analysing if stress is influenced by the degree of external differentiation and vocational orientation of education systems, using harmonised survey data on pupils in more than 30 countries. The empirical analyses largely support the implications of the framework: pupils in more differentiated and vocationally orientated systems report significantly lower levels of stress, also in models adjusting for country fixed effects. Moreover, academic achievement is a less important predictor of stress in differentiated or vocational systems, possibly due to lower stakes attached to achievements. I end by proposing further predictions of the framework that can be tested in future research, and by discussing implications of the results with regard to possible trade-offs between different goals of education policy.

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来源期刊
British Educational Research Journal
British Educational Research Journal EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.70%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: The British Educational Research Journal is an international peer reviewed medium for the publication of articles of interest to researchers in education and has rapidly become a major focal point for the publication of educational research from throughout the world. For further information on the association please visit the British Educational Research Association web site. The journal is interdisciplinary in approach, and includes reports of case studies, experiments and surveys, discussions of conceptual and methodological issues and of underlying assumptions in educational research, accounts of research in progress, and book reviews.
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