太地引力波观测站测试质量充电研究

IF 3.7 2区 地球科学
Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI:10.1029/2023sw003724
Ruilong Han, Minghui Cai, Tao Yang, Liangliang Xu, Qing Xia, Xinyu Jia, Dawei Gao, Mengyao Li, Longlong Zhang, Hongwei Li, Jianwei Han
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引用次数: 0

摘要

拟将太极作为一个天基引力波(GW)观测站,由日心轨道上的三个航天器组成,同时在地球前方约 20° 距离 300 万公里处进行观测。自由下落的测试块(TMs)是干涉仪的关键组成部分,用于在 0.1mHz-1 Hz 频率范围内进行天基引力波探测。暴露在太空环境中的高能粒子会导致 TMs 充电,从而引起额外的静电力和洛伦兹力,限制干涉仪的灵敏度,并可能影响科学数据的质量。本研究旨在利用蒙特卡洛模拟工具包模拟银河宇宙射线和太阳质子事件(SPE)期间瞬变电磁铁的充电情况,同时构建复杂的三维航天器。结果表明,在太阳最小期间,TM1 和 TM2 的总净充电率分别为 34.48 +e/s 和 33.85 +e/s;在太阳最大期间,TM1 和 TM2 的总净充电率分别为 9.58 +e/s 和 9.65 +e/s。我们证实,无论太阳最小还是太阳最大,质子都在 TMs 充电速率中所占比例最大。此外,我们还研究了五个典型 SPE 的充电情况,其最大 TMs 充电速率达到 76,674 +e/s,表明零星 SPE 对 TMs 充电的风险很高。最后,通过 30-50 MeV 质子辐照实验对仿真 TM 的充电速率进行了地面测试,实验结果与模拟结果一致,误差为 10%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study on Test-Mass Charging for Taiji Gravitational Wave Observatory
Taiji is proposed as a space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory consisting of three spacecraft in a heliocentric orbit meanwhile with the distance of 3 million kilometers ahead of the Earth at about 20°. Free-falling test masses (TMs) are a key component of the interferometer for space-based GW detection in the 0.1mHz–1 Hz frequency range. Exposure to energetic particles in the space environment can lead to charging of the TMs and thus cause additional electrostatic forces and Lorentz forces that limit the sensitivity of the interferometer and may affect the quality of the scientific data. This study aims to model the charging of TMs during Galactic cosmic rays and solar proton events (SPEs) using the Monte Carlo simulation toolkit meanwhile with constructing the sophisticated 3D spacecraft. The results show that the total net charging rates are 34.48 +e/s and 33.85 +e/s on TM1 and TM2 during the solar minimum, and 9.58 +e/s on TM1 and 9.65 +e/s on TM2 during the solar maximum. We confirm that no matter for solar minimum or solar maximum, protons contribute to the largest proportion of the TMs charging rate. Furthermore, charging for five typical SPEs is also investigated, and the maximum TMs charging rate reaches 76,674 +e/s, indicating that sporadic SPEs have a high risk for TMs charging. Finally, the charging rates of a TM imitation are tested on ground by the 30–50 MeV proton irradiation experiment, and the experimental results show good consistence with the simulation results with the error <10%.
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