Efficacy and Safety of Immediate Latissimus Dorsi Breast Reconstruction after Breast Cancer Surgery

Background: Most traditional breast reconstruction surgeries require the removal of the patient's own tissue or the use of artificial implants for reconstruction. The improvement of the efficiency and safety of breast reconstruction surgery assumes critical importance for the rehabilitation of breast cancer patients. Immediate latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction surgery, which utilizes the patient's own tissue to perform immediate reconstruction, can address this issue in a targeted manner, avoiding the cumbersome and complex nature of multiple surgeries. Objectives: To analyze the efficacy and safety of immediate latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction (BR) after breast cancer surgery. Methods: A total of 91 female patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated by breast surgery in our hospital from August 2017 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were assigned to the prosthetic implant group (n=39) and latissimus dorsi group (n=52) according to the method of immediate postoperative BR. The difference in curative effect can be analyzed by comparing the operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage time, and aesthetic evaluation of BR. The safety of postoperative BR was analyzed by comparing the postoperative complications, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate of breast cancer, and rehabilitation rate. Results: There was no dramatic difference in intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage time, and rehabilitation rate between the latissimus dorsi and prosthetic implantation groups (P>0.05). Nonetheless, there was a significant difference in operation time, aesthetic evaluation of BR, postoperative complications, local recurrence rate, and distant metastasis rate of breast cancer in the latissimus dorsi group than the prosthetic implant group(P<0.05). In general, the latissimus dorsi group exhibited better therapeutic effects. Conclusion: Immediate latissimus dorsi BR dramatically affects postoperative breast repair of breast cancer patients and is safer than prosthesis implantation. As an evaluation of their safety and effectiveness, it is necessary to provide patients with more stable and reliable medical outcomes to ensure their surgical safety.