城市水体(俄罗斯雅罗斯拉夫尔)中大型真菌复合体的变化

L. Voronin, P. Chernyavskaya
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摘要

本文介绍了 1998-1999 年和 2021-2022 年在一个小型湖泊型水库中对普通芦苇和河马尾枯死碎片上的真菌菌体进行研究的结果。1998-1999 年的累积培养法在芦苇上记录了 18 个菌种(8 个子囊菌目单生孢子、6 个丝裂孢子、4 个卵菌目),在马尾藻上记录了 12 个菌种(1 个爆裂子囊菌目、1 个子囊菌目单生孢子、3 个丝裂孢子、7 个卵菌目)。发现了真正的水生菌(Hymenoscyphus albidus、Massarina fluviatilis、M. phragmiticola、Mollisia hydrophila),并能在水中发育出子囊菌的外生菌和拟态菌。霉菌生物群属于中营养型水库。2021-2022 年,在芦苇上记录了 4 个菌种,在马尾藻上记录了 5 个菌种。真菌类卵菌占主导地位,属于 Pythium 和 Saprolegnia 属,它们能够在溶解有机物浓度较高的水库和受污染的环境中生长。二十年来,根据真菌学指标,湖泊的营养状态从中富营养状态转变为富营养化状态,这与反人类污染的过度生长水库的富营养化类型相符。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CHANGES IN MACROPHYTE MYCODESTRUCTOR COMPLEXES IN URBAN WATER BODY (YAROSLAVL, RUSSIA)
The results of mycodestructors on dead fragments of common reeds and river horsetail study in a small lake-type reservoir in 1998–1999 and 2021–2022 are presented. The method of accumulative culture in 1998–1999 recorded 18 species on reeds (8 Ascomycota teleomorphs, 6 mitospore, 4 Oomycota), 12 species on horsetails (1 Blastocladiomycota, 1 Ascomycota teleomorphs, 3 mitospore, 7 Oomycota). True aquatic (Hymenoscyphus albidus, Massarina fluviatilis, M. phragmiticola, Mollisia hydrophila) and capable of developing teleomorphs and anamorphs of ascomycetes in water have been identified. Mycobiota corresponded to the mesotrophic type of reservoir. In 2021–2022, 4 species were recorded on the reed, 5 – on the horsetail. Fungi-like oomycetes dominated, from genera Pythium and Saprolegnia, they are able to develop in reservoirs with a high concentration of dissolved organic matter and with stand a contaminated environment. Over two decades, according to mycological indicators, the lake changed the trophic status of mesotrophic to eutrophic, which corresponds to eutrophic type of overgrown reservoir with antropogenic pollution.
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