Prospective-Drug Utilization Evaluation Analysis in Ear, Nose, and Throat Outpatient Department: Incorporating Benchmarks and World Health Organization Indicators

Background : A drug utilization study is a tool for determining the effectiveness of drug use. Our research aims to evaluate the drug usage patterns in Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) outpatient settings by incorporating established benchmarks and World Health Organization (WHO) indicators. Methods : We conducted a drug utilization evaluation (DUE) study on 800 patients from the ENT outpatient department (OPD). Initially, we gathered data on the currently prescribed medications and, through careful analysis, identified discrepancies. To rectify any irrational prescribing patterns identified among physicians, we utilized continuing educational activities like 'Dear Doctor' letters and personal consultations. We applied the WHO's core indicators, specifically prescribing and patient care indicators, and established benchmarks to encourage rational prescribing. Results : The three most common diagnoses identified were pharyngitis (51.49%), allergic rhinitis (25.11%), and Acute Suppurative Otitis Media (21.17%). Montelukast, in combination with levocetirizine (13.77%) and amoxicillin paired with clavulanic acid (8.81%), were the most frequently prescribed medications. The study revealed prescribing indicators such as an excessive number of drugs per prescription (4.2), low usage of generic names (33.0%), and suboptimal reliance on the Essential Drugs List (76.7%). Furthermore, patient care indicators demonstrated room for improvement, particularly concerning consultation times (6mins