Ecological characterisation of the mycotoxin Alternariol in the green mass of spring wheat and white mustard under the conditions of the Moscow region

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of agro-ecological factors on the content of mycotoxins in the green mass of white mustard (Sinapis alba) and the spring wheat variety Lyubava (Triticum aestivum L.). The study was conducted at the experimental field «Yuzhnoe» of the Ecological Station of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy using chemical and microbiological methods. Agro-ecological factors were evaluated by the following parameters: humus content, soil acidity, phosphorus, potassium and lead content. The immunoenzyme method was used to determine the content of mycotoxins in the vegetative mass of white mustard and spring wheat (according to development stages). As a result, the highest levels of mycotoxin contamination were found in the mid-ripe stage of the crops, exceeding the average level of contamination by 8‑11 times in wheat and 4‑5 times in white mustard. The highest inverse correlation was found between the Alternariol content in the studied crops and the soil temperature of the upper layer of the humus horizon of 0‑5 cm. This fact justifies a more detailed study of the effect of this environmental factor.