CLINICAL CASE OF SEVERE ANEMIA IN A NEWBORN CHILD

The aim of the work – based on our own clinical experience, the observation and treatment of a newborn with severe anemia caused by complicated birth trauma to demonstrate the complexity of diagnosis and therapeutic approach to this pathology.Material and Methods. The study is based on an analysis of the evaluation and treatment of a newborn with severe anemia caused by birth trauma. The complex diagnostic measures included clinical and laboratory methods, radiological examinations (X-ray and spiral computed tomography) and ultrasound examinations.Results. Comprehensive treatment of the child with severe anemia resulted in signifi cant improvement of the patient’s condition, allowing the child to be discharged from the hospital at the age of one month. Considering the possible etiological and pathogenetic factors of anemia in newborns, congenital hemostatic disorders were excluded. For further investigation, a contrast- enhanced CT scan was performed, which showed signs of subcapsular hematoma with contusion on the lateral border of the right hepatic lobe, subcapsular hematoma with contusion on the lateral border of the right kidney, contusion with hematoma of the right adrenal gland, no contrast accumulation at the time of examination, with signs of hemolysis of the hematoma in the right kidney and right adrenal gland. The results of the chest x-ray showed a right- sided tension hydropneumothorax, which became a direct indication for urgent surgical treatment. Themain therapeutic measures included the following steps: conservative therapy – correction of anemia and hemostasis, surgical treatment.There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.Conclusions.1. In case of severe anemia in a newborn it is necessary to exclude sources of bleeding, namely: congenital hemostatic disorders and consequences of birth trauma.2. If the patient has consequences of birth trauma, it is necessary to determine the priority direction of treatment (conservative, surgical, combined).3. Conservative treatment of severe anemia in newborns should include infusion of drugs that correct hemostasis and anemia.4. Urgent surgical intervention should be performed in cases of insuffi cient or ineff ective results of conservative treatment, with the aim of stabilizing hemodynamics and eliminating the consequences of associated pathology.