欧盟社会政策对接纳乌克兰外流学生的监管支持

Roman Panchenko
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摘要

本文探讨了欧盟(EU)关于接纳因持续冲突而从乌克兰流离失所的学龄儿童的社会政策框架。数百万儿童和青年从乌克兰流落到欧盟国家,这带来了巨大的挑战,需要采取全面的方法来应对。这场流离失所危机的规模和紧迫性是前所未有的,尤其是对学龄儿童而言。这些流离失所者背负着战争、暴力和分离带来的个人和集体创伤。在逃离乌克兰之前、期间和之后的创伤经历之后,他们需要庇护、保护和恢复支持。值得注意的是,受冲突和流离失所影响的儿童需要特殊的支持,包括迅速获得教育和职业培训,使他们能够继续接受教育并过渡到正常状态。为应对这些挑战,各成员国已采取了一些特别措施,如制定应急计划,指导教育机构接收流离失所的儿童和青少年。这一集体努力建立在国际承诺和标准的基础上,包括 INEE 最低标准和联合国难民署难民教育全球框架,以确保这一弱势群体的教育质量。文章强调了快速融入社会的紧迫性,以及提供社会心理支持、语言学习和适应新环境的必要性。该研究还强调要保持与乌克兰文化和语言的联系。虽然已经取得了进展,但仍然需要进一步研究和完善政策,以促进这一弱势群体的成功融入。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
REGULATORY SUPPORT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION SOCIAL POLICY REGARDING THE INCLUSION OF EXTERNALLY DISPLACED SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM UKRAINE
This article examines the European Union’s (EU) social policy framework regarding the inclusion of school-age individuals displaced from Ukraine due to the ongoing conflict. The displacement of millions of children and youth from Ukraine into EU countries presents significant challenges that require a comprehensive approach. The scale and urgency of this displacement crisis, particularly concerning school-age children, are unprecedented. These displaced individuals carry with them the individual and collective traumas of war, violence, and separation. They require shelter, protection, and recovery support following their traumatic experiences before, during, and after their escape from Ukraine. Notably, children who have been affected by the conflict and displacement require specific support, including rapid access to education and vocational training to enable them to continue their education and transition to a semblance of normalcy.The EU’s social policy, as outlined in various documents by the European Commission, plays a pivotal role in addressing this crisis. To address these challenges, member states have implemented special measures, such as creating emergency programs and providing guidance to educational institutions on receiving displaced children and teenagers. This collective effort builds upon international commitments and standards, including those of the INEE Minimum Standards and the UNHCR Global Framework for Refugee Education, to ensure the quality of education for this vulnerable population.In conclusion, this article highlights the critical importance of the EU’s social policy in addressing the inclusion of externally displaced school-age individuals from Ukraine. It underscores the urgency of rapid integration and the need for psychosocial support, language acquisition, and orientation in the new environment. The study also emphasizes the preservation of ties to Ukrainian culture and language. While progress has been made, there remains a need for further research and policy refinement to facilitate the successful inclusion of this vulnerable group.
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