形成老年牙科的现代治疗资源

V. Trezubov, R. Rozov, M. Mishnev, Yu. . Parshin
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摘要

背景。老年人和高龄老人在牙医的治疗、诊断和预防活动中的特殊地位和作用,使我们坚信创建一个新的医学专业--老年牙科--的紧迫性和必要性。基于多年的临床经验和科学研究,包括广泛使用高科技口腔修复技术为老年人服务,首次尝试为新的医学专业--老年牙科--创建最佳治疗资源。对 645 名 60 至 85 岁的患者进行了检查和修复,这些患者在植入各种类型的植入式修复体 3 至 7 年后接受了修复。此外,还对 903 个植入式假体及其 3287 个人工支架(植入物)进行了检查。到牙科矫形科就诊的患者平均年龄为(64.72 ± 6.8)岁。作为老年患者咀嚼和语言装置康复的主要方法,我们使用了数字化改造的种植体支持修复体。大多数患者都进行了合理的口腔修复前准备。种植床组织的原始状态保持率从 78.04% 到 100% 不等。同时,植入式修复体的固定结构也有较高的指标。根据观察时间的不同,种植体的保存率从 96.8% 到 100% 不等。种植体和修复体的高保留率、修复后远期种植体周围粘膜和骨质的良好状态、患者的高满意度和生活质量的显著提高,以及该方法的高医疗和经济效益,使我们可以将其视为一种有前途的老年牙科标准。因此,一种有效的修复前准备和种植修复的现代治疗(或者说是康复)资源已经被开发出来并得到证实,这是老年牙科的最佳方法。
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Forming a Modern Therapeutic Resource for Geriatric Dentistry
Background. The special status and position of older and oldest old in the therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive activities of a dentist lead to a firm conviction of an urgent necessity and expediency of creating a new medical specialization — geriatric dentistry.Aim. Based on many years of clinical experience and scientific research, including extensive use of high-tech oral prosthetics for older adults, to make the first attempt at creating an optimal therapeutic resource for a new medical specialization — geriatric dentistry.Materials and methods. Examination and prosthetics were performed on 645 patients aged 60 to 85 years old, with various types of implantable prostheses in the period o 3 to 7 years after their implantation. In addition, 903 implantable prostheses and 3287 of their artificial supports (implants) were also examined.Results. The mean age of patients who visited the orthopedic dentistry department for dental prosthetics was 64.72 ± 6.8 years old. As the main method of rehabilitation of older patients’ masticatory and speech apparatus, we have used implant-supported prosthesis with its digital transformation. Most of the patients underwent reasonably radical oral cavity preparation for prosthetics. The original state retention of the tissues of the implant bed ranged from 78.04 to 100%. At the same time, fixed structures of implantable prostheses were characterized by higher indicators. The preservation of the implants was from 96.8 to 100%, depending on the observation period.Conclusion. The high values of implant and prosthesis retention rates, good condition of the peri-implant mucous membrane and bone in remote periods after prosthetics, as well as a high level of patient satisfaction and significantly higher achieved level of their quality of life, along with high medical and economic efficiency of the method, allow us to consider it a promising standard of geriatric dentistry. Thus, a modern therapeutic, or rather, rehabilitation, resource for effective pre-prosthetic preparation and implant prosthesis has been developed and justified, which is the optimal approach in geriatric dentistry.
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