哈萨克斯坦劳动力市场的就业和工资趋势

E. Yeralina, R. Alshanov, D. Razakova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究目的--确定哈萨克斯坦劳动力市场就业和工资趋势,取决于学历水平。研究方法--研究采用案头研究法,包括两个阶段。在研究的第一阶段,分析了就业和工资的一般指标;在第二阶段,根据学历水平分析了就业和工资的一般指标。资料来源是哈萨克斯坦共和国战略规划和改革署国家统计局的统计数据。研究的局限性在于缺乏按年龄和地区分列的就业数据,以及所研究的某一时期的统计数据。研究的主要方法是比较、经济和统计分析、横向和纵向分析。研究的原创性/价值--对就业和工资的研究在大流行病后时期尤为重要,因为大流行病以及与之相关的数字化转型的加速对劳动力市场的发展产生了明显的影响。本研究旨在填补哈萨克斯坦劳动力市场就业和工资(取决于学历水平)研究方面的空白。研究结果 - 哈萨克斯坦劳动力市场呈现以下趋势:第三产业就业人数增加,高素质服务部门就业人数增加,高素质和高学历员工在员工总数中所占比例增加,女性就业人数增加,与日常体力劳动和重复性学习任务相关的职业和专业就业人数减少,技术工人工资快速增长,性别隔离,工资不平等,包括性别不平等。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES IN THE LABOR MARKET OF KAZAKHSTAN
Purpose of the research – To determine trends in employment and wages in the labor market of Kazakhstan, depending on the level of qualification.Methodology – The study was carried out by the desk method and consisted of two stages. At the first stage of the study, general indicators of employment and wages were analyzed, at the second - depending on the level of qualification. The source base was the statistical data of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. A limitation of the study was the lack of data on employment by age and region, as well as the studied statistical data for a certain period of time. The main research methods were comparison, economic and statistical analysis, horizontal and vertical analysis.Originality / value of the research – The study of employment and wages is especially relevant in the post-pandemic period, since the pandemic and the acceleration of digital transformation associated with it had a noticeable impact on the labor market development. This study is aimed at filling a research gap in the study of employment and wages in Kazakhstan’s labor market, depending on the level of qualification.Findings - The following trends can be distinguished in the labor market of Kazakhstan: an increase in employment in the tertiary sector of the economy, an increase in employment in the sectors of highly qualified services, an increase in the share of highly qualified and highly educated employees in the total number of employees, an increase in employment among women, a decrease in employment in professions and specialties related to routine physical work and repetitive learning tasks, rapid wage growth for skilled workers, gender segregation, wage inequality, including gender.
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