2010-2022 年期间通过 PermaFrance 网络对法国阿尔卑斯山冻土层进行监测的主要结果

IF 3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
F. Magnin, L. Ravanel, Xavier Bodin, P. Deline, Emmanuel Malet, Jean-Michel Krysiecki, P. Schoeneich
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究介绍了法国阿尔卑斯山钻孔冻土监测头几年的数据,该监测始于 2009 年底,在 PermaFrance 网络框架内进行。共有 9 个钻孔安装了仪器,其中 6 个钻孔监测了超过 10 年的永久冻土温度和活动层厚度 (ALT)。在基准十年(2011-2020 年)期间,北向高海拔岩壁中贫冰和寒冷的永久冻土层在 10 米深处升温达 1°C 以上,而富冰永久冻土层(冰川)的温度保持稳定。在有十年数据的五个钻孔中,有四个钻孔的ALT有所上升。2015 年夏季是 ALT 值的转折点,2022 年的 ALT 值最大(有六个钻孔的数据),但解冻强度没有明显变化。在一个有约 2 米厚粗块层的地点,ALT 在 2018-2022 年期间保持稳定,对最热年份的反应受到抑制。线性趋势表明,一些贫冰岩壁的 ALT 每十年增加 2 米,与其热状态无关。这些数据揭示了各种永冻土模式和演变,区域内和地方之间存在显著差异。积雪以各种方式调节对气温信号的响应,对近地表温度趋势和ALT有重要影响:春季早期积雪融化有利于岩壁ALT的增加。维持这些监测系统并了解控制对气候信号的不同反应的物理过程,对于更好地评估永久冻土动态和适应其后果至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Main results of permafrost monitoring in the French Alps through the PermaFrance network over the period 2010–2022
This study presents data from the first years of permafrost monitoring in boreholes in the French Alps that started at the end of 2009 in the framework of the PermaFrance network. Nine boreholes are instrumented, among which six monitored permafrost temperature and active layer thickness (ALT) over >10 years. Ice‐poor and cold permafrost in high‐elevation north‐facing rock walls has warmed by up to >1°C at 10 m depth over the reference decade (2011–2020), whereas ice‐rich permafrost (rock glacier) temperatures remained stable. ALT has increased at four of the five boreholes for which decadal data are available. Summer 2015 marks a turning point in ALT regime and greatest ALT values were observed in 2022 (available for six boreholes), but thawing intensity did not show an obvious change. At one site with a layer of coarse blocks about 2 m thick, ALT was stable over 2018–2022 and response to the hottest years was dampened. Linear trends suggest an ALT increase of 2 m per decade for some ice‐poor rock walls, independently of their thermal state. The data reveal a variety of permafrost patterns and evolution with significant intraregional and local differences. Snow modulates the response to air temperature signal in various ways, with an important effect on near‐surface temperature trends and ALT: early snow melting in spring favors an ALT increase in rock walls. Maintaining these monitoring systems and understanding the physical processes controlling heterogeneous responses to climate signals is crucial to better assess permafrost dynamics and to adapt to its consequences.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
8.00%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes is an international journal dedicated to the rapid publication of scientific and technical papers concerned with earth surface cryogenic processes, landforms and sediments present in a variety of (Sub) Arctic, Antarctic and High Mountain environments. It provides an efficient vehicle of communication amongst those with an interest in the cold, non-glacial geosciences. The focus is on (1) original research based on geomorphological, hydrological, sedimentological, geotechnical and engineering aspects of these areas and (2) original research carried out upon relict features where the objective has been to reconstruct the nature of the processes and/or palaeoenvironments which gave rise to these features, as opposed to purely stratigraphical considerations. The journal also publishes short communications, reviews, discussions and book reviews. The high scientific standard, interdisciplinary character and worldwide representation of PPP are maintained by regional editorial support and a rigorous refereeing system.
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