公民、臣民、敌人:第一次世界大战与意大利殖民地的公民政策

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Nicola Camilleri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在欧洲历史上,很少有研究领域能像公民权和第一次世界大战那样在过去几年中受到学术界的广泛关注。虽然意大利的情况也是如此,但对意大利主权下殖民地的公民法的研究仍然明显不足。第一次世界大战并没有真正影响到意大利王国的殖民地,由于对历史军事框架的过于狭隘的关注,第一次世界大战并没有真正影响到意大利王国的殖民地。通过对殖民地人口的法律地位--尤其是在厄立特里亚、的黎波里塔尼亚和昔兰尼加--在冲突期间和冲突结束后是如何进行管理、争议、主张和谈判的进行调查,揭示了像第一次世界大战这样的全球事件实际上对意大利在非洲之角和北非的领土产生了重大影响。为了说明这一点,文章采用了一种基于殖民地当地参与者而非大都市立法者或决策者的方法。文章利用从多个不同档案馆收集到的当代资料,追溯了个人故事和行政程序,揭示了意大利殖民主义和整个意大利国家故事的重要方面。与其他欧洲殖民地一样,意大利在非洲领土上的公民身份也带有非洲人落后的偏见观念,因此非洲人被排除在大都市公民身份之外。除此之外,文章还强调功利主义这一概念有助于我们理解意大利在第一次世界大战期间是如何对待其殖民地居民的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Citizens, Subjects, Enemies: The First World War and Citizenship Policies in the Italian Colonies
There are few research fields in European history that have received as much scholarly attention over the last few years as citizenship and the First World War. While this is also true for the Italian case, there is still a striking absence of research on citizenship laws in the colonial territories under Italian sovereignty. The present article addresses this gap and challenges the long-established assumption – due to an all too narrow focus on the historical military framework – that the First World War did not really affect the colonies of the Kingdom of Italy. An investigation of how the legal status of the colonial population – especially in Eritrea, on the one hand, and in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, on the other – was regulated, but also contested, claimed and negotiated, both during the conflict and in its immediate aftermath, reveals that a global event like the First World War actually had a significant impact on the Italian territories in the Horn of Africa and in North Africa. To illustrate this point, the article adopts an approach based on local players in the colonies rather than on legislators or policymakers in the metropole. Contemporary sources collected from several different archives are used to retrace personal stories and administrative processes which reveal important aspects in the story not only of Italian colonialism but of the Italian state in general. Citizenship in the Italian territories in Africa, as much as in other European colonies, was marked by the prejudicial concept of the backwardness of Africans, who were thus excluded from metropolitan citizenship. Beyond that, the article highlights utilitarianism as a concept that can help us to understand how Italy dealt with the inhabitants of its colonies during the First World War.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: European History Quarterly has earned an international reputation as an essential resource on European history, publishing articles by eminent historians on a range of subjects from the later Middle Ages to post-1945. European History Quarterly also features review articles by leading authorities, offering a comprehensive survey of recent literature in a particular field, as well as an extensive book review section, enabling you to keep up to date with what"s being published in your field. The journal also features historiographical essays.
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