后科维德时期碳水化合物代谢紊乱患者体液免疫反应的特点

Savchuk K.S., Ryabova L.V.
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摘要

目前正在对 SARS-CoV-2 病毒对人体的影响进行深入研究。内分泌功能失调是这种影响经常发现的后果之一。以前的研究表明,在感染 SARS-COV-2 的病人中发现的高血糖是由于 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的直接损害、免疫系统的激活和炎症以及使用糖皮质激素的后果造成的。适应性免疫的变化是高血糖和后 COVID 综合征的特征。令人感兴趣的是这两种情况的结合,即在后 COVID 期出现高血糖和由此产生的体液免疫反应。本研究致力于确定后 COVID 综合征和碳水化合物代谢紊乱患者的 B 细胞免疫特征。研究对象包括 72 名患有后 COVID 综合征和碳水化合物代谢紊乱的患者。对患者的淋巴细胞免疫环节进行了评估:B淋巴细胞(CD45+CD19+)、B1淋巴细胞(CD45+CD5+CD19-CD27-)、B2淋巴细胞(CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27-)、一般记忆B细胞(CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27+)的相对数量和绝对数量。与糖耐量受损的患者相比,2 型糖尿病病毒感染后患者的 B 细胞链接发生了更显著的变化,包括 B 淋巴细胞数量有统计学意义的增加。此外,在 2 型糖尿病患者组中,B2-淋巴细胞的数量明显增加,而 B1-淋巴细胞的水平却没有差异,这可能是疾病自身免疫性的特征,与高亲和性抗体的分泌有关,这大概是研究组中 COVID-19 临床病程更严重的原因。同时,与 COVID 后糖耐量受损患者相比,2 型糖尿病患者记忆细胞中的 B1- 和 B2-淋巴细胞数量明显减少,这表明已形成的免疫反应无效,这也证实了更频繁的重复病例。在这组患者中,COVID-19。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FEATURES OF THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN THE POST-COVID PERIOD
Intensive research is currently underway on the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the human body. One of the often-found consequences of such exposure is endocrine dysfunction. It has been previously shown that the detected hyperglycemia in patients infected with SARS-COV-2 is due to the consequences of direct damage by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, activation of the immune system and inflammation, as well as the consequences of the use of glucocorticosteroids. Changes in adaptive immunity are characteristic of both hyperglycemia and post-COVID syndrome. Of interest is the combination of these conditions, namely, the development of hyperglycemia in the post-COVID period and the resulting humoral immune response. This study is devoted to identifying the features of B-cell immunity in individuals with post-COVID syndrome and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The study included 72 people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the post-COVID period. In patients, the lymphocytic link of immunity was assessed: the relative and absolute number of B-lymphocytes (CD45+CD19+), B1-lymphocytes (CD45+CD5+CD19-CD27-), B2-lymphocytes (CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27-), general population Memory B cells (CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27+). In post-covid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, more significant changes in the B-cell link were revealed in comparison with patients with impaired glucose tolerance, including a statistically significant increase in the number of B-lymphocytes. Also, in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of B2-lymphocytes is significantly higher in the absence of differences in the levels of B1-lymphocytes, which is possibly characteristic of the autoimmune nature of the diseases, and is associated with the secretion of high-affinity antibodies, which presumably explains the more severe clinical course of COVID-19 in the study group. At the same time, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of B1- and B2-lymphocytes of memory cells is significantly lower compared to patients with impaired glucose tolerance in the post-COVID period, which suggests the ineffectiveness of the formed immune response, which confirms more frequent repeated cases. COVID-19 in this group of patients.
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