Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of Tamarindus indica seed oil: An in silico approach to development of potential hypolipidemic compound for reducing LDL cholesterol

The present research explores the comparison of two extraction techniques for obtaining oil yield, investigates the effect of microwave process on Tamarindus indica seed oil yield, and discovers a novel antilipidemic molecule to reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL). Microwave power (700 to 1400 W), treatment period (20 to 30 s), and Seed powder/solvent ratio (1:20 to 1:30 w/v) were the independent parameters. The findings of the ANOVA indicated that almost all independent factors had such an influence on total phenolic content, with varying levels of intensity, as well as a significant correlation between projected and observed values. The optimum parameters for achieving the highest recovery of oil content were powder/solvent ratio of 1:20 (w/v), treatment period of 20 s, and microwave power of 700 W. Both the Soxhlet Extraction and Microwave Assisted Extraction oil samples' extraction efficiency was compared. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the extracted oil. 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z,12Z)-(22.137 %) was the most abundant component in TSP oil among the total of 18 that have been found. Moreover, cycloartal and campesterol may potentially promising LDL receptor protein inhibitors, according to docking studies and binding free energy (G) analyses. The most favorable binding affinities to 4A0P were demonstrated by cycloartal and campesterol, having binding energies of 12.53, and 12.00 Kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, microwave treatment greatly improved oil yield compared to Soxhlet extraction. Hence, using this approach to extract oil from TSP might be promising also, suggest cycloartal and campesterol are the potential compounds for lowering low density lipoprotein.