评估受伤工人的特征以及雇主是否遵守职业安全与健康管理局(OSHA)关于因工截肢的报告要求。

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Mary Jo Reilly MS, Ling Wang PhD, Kenneth D. Rosenman MD, FACE, FACOEM, FACPM
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:2014 年,联邦职业安全与健康管理局 (OSHA) 颁布了一项标准,要求雇主在 24 小时内向 OSHA 报告与工作相关的截肢事故。我们研究了密歇根州受伤工人的特征以及雇主遵守该规定的情况:我们使用了两个独立的数据集来比较 2016 年至 2018 年与工作相关的截肢情况:雇主向 OSHA 的报告和密歇根州多源伤害和疾病监测系统(MMSIISS)。我们通过雇员姓名、雇主姓名、日期和截肢类型确定性地将雇主向 OSHA 提交的报告与 MMSIISS 联系起来:我们确定了 2016 年至 2018 年期间发生的 1366 起与工作相关的截肢事故;其中 575 起是雇主向 OSHA 报告的,1153 起是医院向 MMSIISS 报告的。两个系统中重叠报告的工人有 362 人,而仅由雇主向 OSHA 报告的工人有 213 人,仅由医院报告的工人有 791 人。雇主遵守规定的比例为 42.1%。以下行业的雇主遵守报告规定的比例明显较低:农业、林业、渔业和狩猎业(14.6%);建筑业(27.4%);零售业(20.7%);艺术、娱乐和休闲业(7.7%);住宿和餐饮服务业(13.0%);以及其他服务业(27.0%)。大雇主和工会雇主遵守报告规则的可能性明显更高(分别为 67.9% 和 92.7%),而小雇主遵守报告规则的可能性明显更低(18.2%)。在对 327 个工作场所的执法检查中,发现了 403 起违规行为;其中有 179 名雇主(54.7%)在检查前没有纠正截肢危险:密歇根州雇主报告的与工作相关的截肢事故不到 OSHA 报告条例要求的一半。小雇主、农业、林业、渔业和狩猎业、建筑业、艺术、娱乐和休闲业、住宿和餐饮服务业以及零售和其他服务业的不合规情况最为严重。检查发现,半数以上的雇主在检查的最初开始日期尚未纠正导致截肢的危险;在这些情况下,任何已发现的危险都应在检查后进行消除。提高雇主对工伤截肢报告的合规性,可以识别出同一伤害源对其他工人造成高复发风险的危险。提高合规性还有助于在可能被忽视的行业中开展与安全相关的预防和干预工作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Evaluation of the characteristics of injured workers and employer compliance with OSHA's reporting requirement for work-related amputations

Evaluation of the characteristics of injured workers and employer compliance with OSHA's reporting requirement for work-related amputations

Introduction

In 2014, the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enacted a standard requiring employers to report work-related amputations to OSHA within 24 hours. We studied the characteristics of the injured workers and employer compliance with the regulation in Michigan.

Methods

Two independent data sets were used to compare work-related amputations from 2016 to 2018: employer reports to OSHA and the Michigan Multi-Source Injury and Illness Surveillance System (MMSIISS). We deterministically linked employer reports to OSHA with the MMSIISS by employee name, employer name, date, and type of amputation.

Results

We identified 1366 work-related amputations from 2016 to 2018; 575 were reported by employers to OSHA and 1153 were reported by hospitals to the MMSIISS. An overlap of 362 workers were reported in both systems, while 213 workers were only reported by employers to OSHA and 791 workers were only reported by hospitals. Employer compliance with the regulation was 42.1%. Employer compliance with reporting was significantly less in: agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting (14.6%); construction (27.4%); retail trade (20.7%); arts, entertainment, and recreation (7.7%); accommodation and food services (13.0%); and other services (27.0%). Large employers and unionized employers were significantly more likely (67.9% and 92.7%, respectively) and small employers were significantly less likely (18.2%) to comply with the reporting rule. Enforcement inspections at 327 workplaces resulted in 403 violations; of those, 179 (54.7%) employers had not corrected the amputation hazard before the time of inspection.

Discussion

Michigan employers reported less than half of the work-related amputations required by OSHA's reporting regulation. Noncompliance was greatest in small employers, and agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; construction; arts, entertainment, and recreation; accommodation and food services; and retail and other service industries. Inspections found that over half of the employers had not corrected the hazard that caused the amputation at the time of the inspection's initial opening date; in these cases, abatement of any hazards identified would have occurred after the inspection. Improved compliance in employer reporting of work-related amputations will identify hazards posing a high risk of recurrence of injury to other workers from the same injury source. Greater compliance can also help target safety-related preventive and intervention efforts in industries that might otherwise be overlooked.

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来源期刊
American journal of industrial medicine
American journal of industrial medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.70%
发文量
108
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: American Journal of Industrial Medicine considers for publication reports of original research, review articles, instructive case reports, and analyses of policy in the fields of occupational and environmental health and safety. The Journal also accepts commentaries, book reviews and letters of comment and criticism. The goals of the journal are to advance and disseminate knowledge, promote research and foster the prevention of disease and injury. Specific topics of interest include: occupational disease; environmental disease; pesticides; cancer; occupational epidemiology; environmental epidemiology; disease surveillance systems; ergonomics; dust diseases; lead poisoning; neurotoxicology; endocrine disruptors.
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