{"title":"NHE7的上调可通过增强肝细胞癌中大体小体的成熟而促进细胞外小泡的吸收。","authors":"Yue Yao, Yi Xu, Liang Yu, Ting-Mao Xue, Zhi-Jie Xiao, Pui-Chi Tin, Hiu-Ling Fung, Hoi-Tang Ma, Jing-Ping Yun, Judy Wai Ping Yam","doi":"10.1002/cac2.12515","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediate intercellular communication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression via multifaceted pathways. The success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient cells. Here, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in HCC.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Macropinocytosis was examined by the ability of cells to internalize dextran and sEV. Macropinocytosis was analyzed in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 7 (<i>NHE7</i>)-knockdown and -overexpressing cells. The properties of cells were studied using functional assays. pH biosensor was used to evaluate the intracellular and endosomal pH. The expression of NHE7 in patients’ liver tissues was examined by immunofluorescent staining. Inducible silencing of NHE7 in established tumors was performed to reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting NHE7.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The data revealed that macropinocytosis controlled the internalization of sEVs and their oncogenic effect on recipient cells. It was found that metastatic HCC cells exhibited the highest efficiency of sEV uptake relative to normal liver cells and non-metastatic HCC cells. Attenuation of macropinocytic activity by 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA) limited the entry of sEVs and compromised cell aggressiveness. Mechanistically, we delineated that high level of NHE7, a sodium-hydrogen exchanger, alkalized intracellular pH and acidized endosomal pH, leading to the maturation of macropinosomes. Inducible inhibition of NHE7 in established tumors developed in mice delayed tumor development and suppressed lung metastasis. Clinically, NHE7 expression was upregulated and linked to dismal prognosis of HCC.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study advances the understanding that NHE7 enhances sEV uptake by macropinocytosis to promote the malignant properties of HCC cells. Inhibition of sEV uptake via macropinocytosis can be exploited as a treatment alone or in combination with conventional therapeutic approaches for HCC.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"44 2","pages":"251-272"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.12515","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"NHE7 upregulation potentiates the uptake of small extracellular vesicles by enhancing maturation of macropinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma\",\"authors\":\"Yue Yao, Yi Xu, Liang Yu, Ting-Mao Xue, Zhi-Jie Xiao, Pui-Chi Tin, Hiu-Ling Fung, Hoi-Tang Ma, Jing-Ping Yun, Judy Wai Ping Yam\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/cac2.12515\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediate intercellular communication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression via multifaceted pathways. The success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient cells. Here, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in HCC.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Macropinocytosis was examined by the ability of cells to internalize dextran and sEV. Macropinocytosis was analyzed in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 7 (<i>NHE7</i>)-knockdown and -overexpressing cells. The properties of cells were studied using functional assays. pH biosensor was used to evaluate the intracellular and endosomal pH. The expression of NHE7 in patients’ liver tissues was examined by immunofluorescent staining. Inducible silencing of NHE7 in established tumors was performed to reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting NHE7.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The data revealed that macropinocytosis controlled the internalization of sEVs and their oncogenic effect on recipient cells. It was found that metastatic HCC cells exhibited the highest efficiency of sEV uptake relative to normal liver cells and non-metastatic HCC cells. Attenuation of macropinocytic activity by 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA) limited the entry of sEVs and compromised cell aggressiveness. Mechanistically, we delineated that high level of NHE7, a sodium-hydrogen exchanger, alkalized intracellular pH and acidized endosomal pH, leading to the maturation of macropinosomes. Inducible inhibition of NHE7 in established tumors developed in mice delayed tumor development and suppressed lung metastasis. Clinically, NHE7 expression was upregulated and linked to dismal prognosis of HCC.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study advances the understanding that NHE7 enhances sEV uptake by macropinocytosis to promote the malignant properties of HCC cells. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:细胞外小泡(sEVs)介导细胞间通信,通过多方面的途径促进肝细胞癌(HCC)的发展。细胞进入的成功与否决定了小泡对受体细胞的影响。在此,我们旨在阐明 HCC 吸收 sEV 的机制:方法:通过细胞内化葡聚糖和 sEV 的能力检测大核细胞吞噬作用。在Na(+)/H(+)交换子7 (NHE7)基因敲除和清除的细胞中分析了大鼠的大鼠吞噬作用。pH 生物传感器用于评估细胞内和内质体的 pH 值。免疫荧光染色法检测了患者肝组织中NHE7的表达。在已确诊的肿瘤中对NHE7进行诱导沉默,以揭示靶向NHE7的治疗潜力:结果:研究数据显示,大蛋白细胞作用控制了 sEVs 的内化及其对受体细胞的致癌作用。研究发现,相对于正常肝细胞和非转移性 HCC 细胞,转移性 HCC 细胞吸收 sEV 的效率最高。5-(N-乙基-N-异丙基)-阿米洛利(EIPA)对大细胞活性的抑制限制了sEV的进入,并损害了细胞的侵袭性。从机理上讲,我们发现高水平的钠-氢交换子 NHE7 可碱化细胞内 pH 值并酸化内泌体 pH 值,从而导致大颗粒体的成熟。在小鼠已形成的肿瘤中诱导抑制 NHE7 可延缓肿瘤发展并抑制肺转移。在临床上,NHE7表达上调与HCC的不良预后有关:这项研究加深了人们对 NHE7 通过大吞噬作用增强 sEV 摄取以促进 HCC 细胞恶性性质的认识。通过大磷细胞吞噬抑制 sEV 的摄取可作为治疗 HCC 的一种单独方法或与传统治疗方法相结合的方法。
NHE7 upregulation potentiates the uptake of small extracellular vesicles by enhancing maturation of macropinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Background
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediate intercellular communication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression via multifaceted pathways. The success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient cells. Here, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in HCC.
Methods
Macropinocytosis was examined by the ability of cells to internalize dextran and sEV. Macropinocytosis was analyzed in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 7 (NHE7)-knockdown and -overexpressing cells. The properties of cells were studied using functional assays. pH biosensor was used to evaluate the intracellular and endosomal pH. The expression of NHE7 in patients’ liver tissues was examined by immunofluorescent staining. Inducible silencing of NHE7 in established tumors was performed to reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting NHE7.
Results
The data revealed that macropinocytosis controlled the internalization of sEVs and their oncogenic effect on recipient cells. It was found that metastatic HCC cells exhibited the highest efficiency of sEV uptake relative to normal liver cells and non-metastatic HCC cells. Attenuation of macropinocytic activity by 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA) limited the entry of sEVs and compromised cell aggressiveness. Mechanistically, we delineated that high level of NHE7, a sodium-hydrogen exchanger, alkalized intracellular pH and acidized endosomal pH, leading to the maturation of macropinosomes. Inducible inhibition of NHE7 in established tumors developed in mice delayed tumor development and suppressed lung metastasis. Clinically, NHE7 expression was upregulated and linked to dismal prognosis of HCC.
Conclusions
This study advances the understanding that NHE7 enhances sEV uptake by macropinocytosis to promote the malignant properties of HCC cells. Inhibition of sEV uptake via macropinocytosis can be exploited as a treatment alone or in combination with conventional therapeutic approaches for HCC.
期刊介绍:
Cancer Communications is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses basic, clinical, and translational cancer research. The journal welcomes submissions concerning clinical trials, epidemiology, molecular and cellular biology, and genetics.