Woi Sok Oh , Rachata Muneepeerakul , Daniel Rubenstein , Simon Levin
{"title":"自然灾害和冲突导致的索马里境内流离失所现象的新网络模式","authors":"Woi Sok Oh , Rachata Muneepeerakul , Daniel Rubenstein , Simon Levin","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102793","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Somalia, extreme droughts, floods, and conflicts have generated a great wave of internally displaced persons (IDPs) involuntarily moving within the country’s boundaries. Despite increasing concerns about the IDP problem, we still do not fully understand the emergent properties of IDP flows from the network perspective. Particularly lacking is quantitative information on how natural disasters and conflicts differently or similarly shape IDP networks. These knowledge gaps are critical for IDP studies with complex interactions because the gaps may misconnect IDP flows with socio-environmental data at inappropriate spatial scales. To address these gaps, this study applies a series of network analyses to compare emergent patterns in disaster-induced and conflict-induced IDP networks. Push patterns were random without hub formation in both cases. Social connections were critical to incoming IDP flows but not to outgoing IDP flows. Natural disasters and conflicts produced similar triadic structures of IDP networks, suggesting possible interactions between natural disasters and conflicts in driving IDP flows. Community patterns were more scattered by the number and formation in the conflict-induced IDP network than in the disaster-induced IDP network. From the community detection, Natural disasters were likely to move IDPs within the regional boundaries, but conflicts relocated IDPs to relatively remote areas out of the boundaries. The communities were more modular in the disaster-induced IDP network than in the conflict-induced IDP network. These findings are useful for understanding IDP network patterns as a starting point for developing a nexus between climate, conflict, and migration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":328,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Emergent network patterns of internal displacement in Somalia driven by natural disasters and conflicts\",\"authors\":\"Woi Sok Oh , Rachata Muneepeerakul , Daniel Rubenstein , Simon Levin\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102793\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In Somalia, extreme droughts, floods, and conflicts have generated a great wave of internally displaced persons (IDPs) involuntarily moving within the country’s boundaries. Despite increasing concerns about the IDP problem, we still do not fully understand the emergent properties of IDP flows from the network perspective. Particularly lacking is quantitative information on how natural disasters and conflicts differently or similarly shape IDP networks. These knowledge gaps are critical for IDP studies with complex interactions because the gaps may misconnect IDP flows with socio-environmental data at inappropriate spatial scales. To address these gaps, this study applies a series of network analyses to compare emergent patterns in disaster-induced and conflict-induced IDP networks. Push patterns were random without hub formation in both cases. Social connections were critical to incoming IDP flows but not to outgoing IDP flows. Natural disasters and conflicts produced similar triadic structures of IDP networks, suggesting possible interactions between natural disasters and conflicts in driving IDP flows. Community patterns were more scattered by the number and formation in the conflict-induced IDP network than in the disaster-induced IDP network. From the community detection, Natural disasters were likely to move IDPs within the regional boundaries, but conflicts relocated IDPs to relatively remote areas out of the boundaries. The communities were more modular in the disaster-induced IDP network than in the conflict-induced IDP network. These findings are useful for understanding IDP network patterns as a starting point for developing a nexus between climate, conflict, and migration.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":328,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Global Environmental Change\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Global Environmental Change\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"6\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378023001590\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Global Environmental Change","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378023001590","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergent network patterns of internal displacement in Somalia driven by natural disasters and conflicts
In Somalia, extreme droughts, floods, and conflicts have generated a great wave of internally displaced persons (IDPs) involuntarily moving within the country’s boundaries. Despite increasing concerns about the IDP problem, we still do not fully understand the emergent properties of IDP flows from the network perspective. Particularly lacking is quantitative information on how natural disasters and conflicts differently or similarly shape IDP networks. These knowledge gaps are critical for IDP studies with complex interactions because the gaps may misconnect IDP flows with socio-environmental data at inappropriate spatial scales. To address these gaps, this study applies a series of network analyses to compare emergent patterns in disaster-induced and conflict-induced IDP networks. Push patterns were random without hub formation in both cases. Social connections were critical to incoming IDP flows but not to outgoing IDP flows. Natural disasters and conflicts produced similar triadic structures of IDP networks, suggesting possible interactions between natural disasters and conflicts in driving IDP flows. Community patterns were more scattered by the number and formation in the conflict-induced IDP network than in the disaster-induced IDP network. From the community detection, Natural disasters were likely to move IDPs within the regional boundaries, but conflicts relocated IDPs to relatively remote areas out of the boundaries. The communities were more modular in the disaster-induced IDP network than in the conflict-induced IDP network. These findings are useful for understanding IDP network patterns as a starting point for developing a nexus between climate, conflict, and migration.
期刊介绍:
Global Environmental Change is a prestigious international journal that publishes articles of high quality, both theoretically and empirically rigorous. The journal aims to contribute to the understanding of global environmental change from the perspectives of human and policy dimensions. Specifically, it considers global environmental change as the result of processes occurring at the local level, but with wide-ranging impacts on various spatial, temporal, and socio-political scales.
In terms of content, the journal seeks articles with a strong social science component. This includes research that examines the societal drivers and consequences of environmental change, as well as social and policy processes that aim to address these challenges. While the journal covers a broad range of topics, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coasts, food systems, land use and land cover, oceans, urban areas, and water resources, it also welcomes contributions that investigate the drivers, consequences, and management of other areas affected by environmental change.
Overall, Global Environmental Change encourages research that deepens our understanding of the complex interactions between human activities and the environment, with the goal of informing policy and decision-making.