辛提（Sinti）这一自我称谓的起源：历史和语言学研究

IF 0.2 4区社会学 Q4 ANTHROPOLOGY

Romani Studies Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI:10.3828/rost.2023.8

Daphne Reitinger

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引用次数: 0

摘要

200 多年来，人们一直在研究 "辛提 "这一自我称谓的起源。在发现罗姆人属于印度-雅利安人之后，最早提到 "Sinte "一词的资料之一（Biester 1793b）将其解释为所有吉普赛人的真名（der wahre Name），并将其起源归于印度次大陆的信德省（Biester 1793b: 365-6）。最近，Matras（1999；2019）认为 Sinti 一词是罗曼语中的欧洲借词，因为它使用了欧洲借词特有的转折模式。本文研究了这一自我称谓的早期证据及其方言学推论，并确定了其潜在词根 sint。通过中高级德语（MHG）词源 sint，其含义为 "道路、旅程"，以及德语的集合词和称谓词后缀 -e，Sinti 的含义被解释为 "旅行者 "或 "旅行的人"。本文以 CC BY 许可方式公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。

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The origin of the self-appellation Sinti: A historical and linguistic examination

The origin of the self-appellation Sinti has been the subject of investigation for well over 200 years. In the wake of the discovery of the Indo-Aryan affiliation of Romani, one of the earliest sources (Biester 1793b) mentioning the term “Sinte” interprets it as der wahre Name (the true name) of all Gypsies and allocates its origin to the province Sindh of the Indian sub-continent (Biester 1793b: 365–6). More recently, Matras (1999; 2019) argued for the term Sinti to be a European borrowing in Romani due to its employment of inflectional patterns characteristic of European loanwords. In this paper, early attestations of this self-appellation with regard to their dialectological inferences are examined and an underlying root sint is ascertained. Via the Middle High German (MHG) etymon sint , in the meaning of “way, road, journey,” and the German collective and appellative suffix -e , the meaning of Sinti is interpreted as “wayfarers” or “those who journey.” This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .

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来源期刊

Romani Studies Social Sciences-Cultural Studies

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

50.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Founded in 1888, the Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society was published in four series up to 1982. In 2000, the journal became Romani Studies. On behalf of the Gypsy Lore Society, Romani Studies features articles on many different communities which, regardless of their origins and self-appellations in various languages, have been referred to in English as Gypsies. These communities include the descendants of migrants from the Indian subcontinent which have been considered as falling into three large subdivisions, Dom, Lom, and Rom. The field has also included communities of other origins which practice, or in the past have practiced, a specific type of service nomadism. The journal publishes articles in history, anthropology, ethnography, sociology, linguistics, art, literature, folklore and music, as well as reviews of books and audiovisual materials.