Mpox Knowledge and Vaccine Willingness Among a Representative Analysis of Adults in Pennsylvania

Little has been reported about mpox knowledge and vaccine willingness. We sought to collect timely data on mpox knowledge, perceived risk, and vaccine willingness among a representative sample of Pennsylvania adults. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in September 2022. Four survey items were included to assess the population's knowledge and risk awareness surrounding the current mpox outbreak, and vaccine willingness if at risk for mpox. Data analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regressions. Among 1039 survey respondents, few reported “no knowledge of mpox symptoms” (14.2%) or transmission modalities (12.5%). Those who perceived themselves at moderate/high risk were more likely to report knowing mpox symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.12) vs no risk. Men who have sex with men were more likely to know that mpox can mimic a sexually transmitted infection (aOR = 3.125), less likely to report not knowing any modes of transmission (aOR = 0.17), and more willing to be vaccinated (aOR = 4.35) than women who have sex with men. Self-perceived mpox risk was associated with willingness to get vaccinated (aOR low risk vs no risk = 3.45 [2.42–4.92], aOR moderate/high risk vs no risk = 9.93 [5.81–16.99]). Knowledge of mpox symptoms and transmission is strong in Pennsylvania, specifically among high-risk groups, but lacks a nuanced understanding specific to the current outbreak. Willingness to receive an mpox vaccine is highest in men who have sex with men and those that perceive themselves to be at highest risk. These findings highlight the need for more education on symptoms of the current outbreak and research on impact of the education on vaccine hesitancy.