为什么不应再次向公众强加口罩?评论文章

Ahmad Alrasheedi
{"title":"为什么不应再次向公众强加口罩?评论文章","authors":"Ahmad Alrasheedi","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.14","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Viral epidemics of acute respiratory infections pose a global threat. Influenza outbreaks occur almost every year. Specifically, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in late 2019. This unprecedented event resulted in many countries requiring masks in public spaces to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, the early and previous systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found that medical/surgical masks did not appear to reduce respiratory viral infections. Also, N95 respirators did not provide superior protection over surgical masks against viral infections or influenza-like infections among healthcare workers (HCWs), although N95 respirators theoretically provide better protection. This led to the recommendation not to wear facemasks as potential benefits are limited, and there is a risk of self-contamination if misused. However, with the ongoing spread of SARS-CoV-2, several health authorities suddenly shifted their recommendations and advised the general public to wear masks, with some governments even mandating it. By July 2023, the health-protective benefits of wearing facemasks are still conflicting, and debate over the idea of a mask mandate is ongoing. Therefore, this review aims to discuss ten reasons why face masks should not be imposed on the public again, which include the functional weaknesses of facemasks, lack of justification for the sudden change in the recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effectiveness of facemasks in the community and among HCWs based on the systematic reviews of the RCTs, their effectiveness based on the RCTs, the effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting from acute respiratory infection based on the systematic reviews, their potential harms, the poor quality of most masks used by the public, their misuse, the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic despite masking, and the importance of acknowledgment of the rights of people in wearing masks or not.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"43 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Why Face Masks Should not be Imposed on the Public Again: A Review Article\",\"authors\":\"Ahmad Alrasheedi\",\"doi\":\"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.14\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Viral epidemics of acute respiratory infections pose a global threat. Influenza outbreaks occur almost every year. Specifically, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in late 2019. This unprecedented event resulted in many countries requiring masks in public spaces to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, the early and previous systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found that medical/surgical masks did not appear to reduce respiratory viral infections. Also, N95 respirators did not provide superior protection over surgical masks against viral infections or influenza-like infections among healthcare workers (HCWs), although N95 respirators theoretically provide better protection. This led to the recommendation not to wear facemasks as potential benefits are limited, and there is a risk of self-contamination if misused. However, with the ongoing spread of SARS-CoV-2, several health authorities suddenly shifted their recommendations and advised the general public to wear masks, with some governments even mandating it. By July 2023, the health-protective benefits of wearing facemasks are still conflicting, and debate over the idea of a mask mandate is ongoing. Therefore, this review aims to discuss ten reasons why face masks should not be imposed on the public again, which include the functional weaknesses of facemasks, lack of justification for the sudden change in the recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effectiveness of facemasks in the community and among HCWs based on the systematic reviews of the RCTs, their effectiveness based on the RCTs, the effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting from acute respiratory infection based on the systematic reviews, their potential harms, the poor quality of most masks used by the public, their misuse, the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic despite masking, and the importance of acknowledgment of the rights of people in wearing masks or not.\",\"PeriodicalId\":162243,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Medical and Health Studies\",\"volume\":\"43 23\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Medical and Health Studies\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.14\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.14","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

急性呼吸道感染的病毒性流行病对全球构成威胁。几乎每年都会爆发流感。特别是在 2019 年末,导致 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)出现。这一史无前例的事件导致许多国家要求在公共场所佩戴口罩,以遏制 SARS-CoV-2 的传播。然而,早期和之前的随机对照试验(RCT)系统回顾发现,医用/外科口罩似乎并不能减少呼吸道病毒感染。此外,尽管 N95 呼吸器理论上能提供更好的保护,但与外科口罩相比,N95 呼吸器在防止医护人员(HCWs)感染病毒或流感样感染方面并没有提供更好的保护。因此,建议不要佩戴口罩,因为潜在的好处有限,而且如果误用,还有自我污染的风险。然而,随着 SARS-CoV-2 的持续蔓延,一些卫生机构突然改变了建议,建议公众佩戴口罩,有些政府甚至强制要求佩戴。到 2023 年 7 月,关于佩戴口罩对健康的保护作用仍存在争议,关于强制佩戴口罩的争论仍在继续。因此,本综述旨在讨论不应再次强制公众佩戴口罩的十个理由,其中包括口罩的功能缺陷、在 COVID-19 大流行期间突然改变建议缺乏正当理由、基于研究性临床试验的系统综述得出的口罩在社区和医护人员中的有效性、基于研究性临床试验得出的口罩有效性、根据系统性回顾,N95 呼吸器与外科口罩在预防急性呼吸道感染方面的有效性、其潜在危害、公众使用的大多数口罩质量差、滥用、尽管佩戴口罩但 COVID-19 大流行的轨迹,以及承认人们佩戴或不佩戴口罩的权利的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why Face Masks Should not be Imposed on the Public Again: A Review Article
Viral epidemics of acute respiratory infections pose a global threat. Influenza outbreaks occur almost every year. Specifically, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in late 2019. This unprecedented event resulted in many countries requiring masks in public spaces to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, the early and previous systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found that medical/surgical masks did not appear to reduce respiratory viral infections. Also, N95 respirators did not provide superior protection over surgical masks against viral infections or influenza-like infections among healthcare workers (HCWs), although N95 respirators theoretically provide better protection. This led to the recommendation not to wear facemasks as potential benefits are limited, and there is a risk of self-contamination if misused. However, with the ongoing spread of SARS-CoV-2, several health authorities suddenly shifted their recommendations and advised the general public to wear masks, with some governments even mandating it. By July 2023, the health-protective benefits of wearing facemasks are still conflicting, and debate over the idea of a mask mandate is ongoing. Therefore, this review aims to discuss ten reasons why face masks should not be imposed on the public again, which include the functional weaknesses of facemasks, lack of justification for the sudden change in the recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effectiveness of facemasks in the community and among HCWs based on the systematic reviews of the RCTs, their effectiveness based on the RCTs, the effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting from acute respiratory infection based on the systematic reviews, their potential harms, the poor quality of most masks used by the public, their misuse, the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic despite masking, and the importance of acknowledgment of the rights of people in wearing masks or not.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信