{"title":"对在 SDO/HMI 连续强度中观测到的离肢事件的调查和统计研究","authors":"Jessica S. Zhao, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11207-023-02240-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several strong eruptive events that occurred near the solar limb were reported generating off-limb features detectable in the SDO/HMI’s continuum intensity. These observations offer new insights into the emission mechanisms of off-limb flaring loops, magnetic strength in the loops, and electron density distributions, among others. However, only a limited number of such events were reported, and it is unclear whether off-limb white-light features are popular or only associated with specific eruptions. In this study, we surveyed all the flaring events that occurred between May 2010 and August 2023 with a magnitude stronger than M2.0 and a heliographic longitude larger than <span>\\(65^{\\circ }\\)</span>. We found that among the 189 flares that met our selection criteria, 78 (41.3%) had off-limb features associated with them. Further statistical analysis showed, unsurprisingly, that the stronger the flare, the more likely it has an off-limb white-light feature, and the closer the flare is to the limb, the more likely an off-limb feature is detectable. We then categorized these off-limb white-light events into four types, closed-loop eruptions, open-loop eruptions, fast ejection, and flare arcades, and identified the events with visible flare ribbons. Coupling two examples of the white-light observations with simultaneous UV/EUV observations, we demonstrate the usefulness of the former in studying the flare dynamics and emission mechanisms. Our catalogue provides a rather complete list of the off-limb white-light events, which will benefit the community interested in studying such events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":777,"journal":{"name":"Solar Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Survey and Statistical Study of Off-Limb Events Observed in SDO/HMI Continuum Intensity\",\"authors\":\"Jessica S. Zhao, Yang Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11207-023-02240-4\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Several strong eruptive events that occurred near the solar limb were reported generating off-limb features detectable in the SDO/HMI’s continuum intensity. These observations offer new insights into the emission mechanisms of off-limb flaring loops, magnetic strength in the loops, and electron density distributions, among others. However, only a limited number of such events were reported, and it is unclear whether off-limb white-light features are popular or only associated with specific eruptions. In this study, we surveyed all the flaring events that occurred between May 2010 and August 2023 with a magnitude stronger than M2.0 and a heliographic longitude larger than <span>\\\\(65^{\\\\circ }\\\\)</span>. We found that among the 189 flares that met our selection criteria, 78 (41.3%) had off-limb features associated with them. Further statistical analysis showed, unsurprisingly, that the stronger the flare, the more likely it has an off-limb white-light feature, and the closer the flare is to the limb, the more likely an off-limb feature is detectable. We then categorized these off-limb white-light events into four types, closed-loop eruptions, open-loop eruptions, fast ejection, and flare arcades, and identified the events with visible flare ribbons. Coupling two examples of the white-light observations with simultaneous UV/EUV observations, we demonstrate the usefulness of the former in studying the flare dynamics and emission mechanisms. Our catalogue provides a rather complete list of the off-limb white-light events, which will benefit the community interested in studying such events.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":777,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Solar Physics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Solar Physics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11207-023-02240-4\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Solar Physics","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11207-023-02240-4","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Survey and Statistical Study of Off-Limb Events Observed in SDO/HMI Continuum Intensity
Several strong eruptive events that occurred near the solar limb were reported generating off-limb features detectable in the SDO/HMI’s continuum intensity. These observations offer new insights into the emission mechanisms of off-limb flaring loops, magnetic strength in the loops, and electron density distributions, among others. However, only a limited number of such events were reported, and it is unclear whether off-limb white-light features are popular or only associated with specific eruptions. In this study, we surveyed all the flaring events that occurred between May 2010 and August 2023 with a magnitude stronger than M2.0 and a heliographic longitude larger than \(65^{\circ }\). We found that among the 189 flares that met our selection criteria, 78 (41.3%) had off-limb features associated with them. Further statistical analysis showed, unsurprisingly, that the stronger the flare, the more likely it has an off-limb white-light feature, and the closer the flare is to the limb, the more likely an off-limb feature is detectable. We then categorized these off-limb white-light events into four types, closed-loop eruptions, open-loop eruptions, fast ejection, and flare arcades, and identified the events with visible flare ribbons. Coupling two examples of the white-light observations with simultaneous UV/EUV observations, we demonstrate the usefulness of the former in studying the flare dynamics and emission mechanisms. Our catalogue provides a rather complete list of the off-limb white-light events, which will benefit the community interested in studying such events.
期刊介绍:
Solar Physics was founded in 1967 and is the principal journal for the publication of the results of fundamental research on the Sun. The journal treats all aspects of solar physics, ranging from the internal structure of the Sun and its evolution to the outer corona and solar wind in interplanetary space. Papers on solar-terrestrial physics and on stellar research are also published when their results have a direct bearing on our understanding of the Sun.