Communication Systems: an Overview of Past, Present and Futuristic Outlook

In contemporary times, communication systems have become the major drivers of globalization and trade facilitation. From its simple beginning to the more recent 5G and 6G technologies which are at various stages of development and applications, capable of entrenching the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), advancing Machine-to Machine (M-2-M) integration, and further revolutionizing the speed of seamless communication between smart devices. Significant advancements have also been achieved in the area of auxiliary technology interfaces incorporated into mobile communication systems such as the wireless LAN (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, Infra-Red (IR), and sundry communication systems operating at the higher frequency bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. Against this backdrop, this work reviewed some communication systems highlighting their technology and developmental trends. Furthermore, it attempts to accurately forecast the probable direction of future advancements in communication systems, based on a painstaking trend and pattern analysis of the technological improvements of Bluetooth, Radar, and Wi-Fi technologies and some other communication systems in the past decade.