Anatomical Themes and their Role in B. Pasternak' Works and his Philosophical Conception

The subject of the study in the article are anatomical themes in the works of B. Pasternak, which have a deep symbolic meaning. The scene in the anatomical theater from the novel «Doctor Zhivago» has its roots in his biography, lyrics, early prose, journalism. This preparatory work provided a broad context for understanding the topic of anatomy and the motive for dissecting drowned women in the context of a philosophical understanding of art, life and human existence, their independence and unity. The formation of the method of «anatomical» world description was influenced by the teachings of Aristotle, Nietzsche and Kierkegaard. The «anatomical» approach assumes that every minute detail of the landscape, every movement of the soul, every image of art show the beauty of the whole. But to comprehend the phenomenon as a whole, you need to see the beauty of the detail. This worldview is expressed not only on the thematic level through the use of anatomical themes, but also on the figurative and motivational when describing landscape and mental-emotional states. This stylistic feature of Pasternak's work can be called a method of poetic anatomization of the phenomena of life.