{"title":"不同环境下性别和状态对弯翅蝙蝠主动行为的影响","authors":"Y-J Kuo, Y-F Lee, Y-M Kuo, Y. L. Tai","doi":"10.1093/iob/obad041","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n Animals within a population may show distinct behavioral types that differ consistently among individuals over time and across contexts, collectively known as animal personality. Individual state variables arising from intrinsic features of organisms and their interactions with the environment may contribute to or aid in maintaining these interindividual behavioral differences. The present study examined the effects of the body mass, body condition, flight morphology, and parasite load on the personality traits of bent-wing bats Miniopterus fuliginosus. We assessed the bats in three testing contexts, hole-board box (HB), tunnel-box (TB), and flight-tent (FT), that mimicked their natural environmental settings and allowed for different locomotion modes. A PCA analysis loaded the three mutually positively correlated personality traits of the bats, boldness, activity, and exploration, in each context onto a single component of proactiveness. In accordance with the AIC criteria, the sex, body mass, body condition index (BCI), and wingtip shape were selected as predictors for the proactiveness of the bats in the TB and FT tests. In the HB tests, the biomass and abundances of parasitic bat flies were additionally selected but body condition was excluded. We found a negative effect of the body mass on the proactiveness of the female bats in both the HB and FT tests, and that on the proactiveness of the male bats in the HB tests but not so in the FT tests. The sexual differences and negative correlation between the body mass of the bats and their proactive responsiveness are consistent with the mechanism of state-dependent energy assimilation efficiency. Our results may also concur with the predicted feedback mechanism stemming from the characteristic conditions associated with the environment of the bats. This latter inference offers insights for exploring the patterns of personality traits along gradients or seasonality of ecological conditions.","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Sex and State-Dependent Effects on Proactive Behaviors of Bent-Wing Bats Across Contexts\",\"authors\":\"Y-J Kuo, Y-F Lee, Y-M Kuo, Y. L. Tai\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/iob/obad041\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n Animals within a population may show distinct behavioral types that differ consistently among individuals over time and across contexts, collectively known as animal personality. Individual state variables arising from intrinsic features of organisms and their interactions with the environment may contribute to or aid in maintaining these interindividual behavioral differences. The present study examined the effects of the body mass, body condition, flight morphology, and parasite load on the personality traits of bent-wing bats Miniopterus fuliginosus. We assessed the bats in three testing contexts, hole-board box (HB), tunnel-box (TB), and flight-tent (FT), that mimicked their natural environmental settings and allowed for different locomotion modes. A PCA analysis loaded the three mutually positively correlated personality traits of the bats, boldness, activity, and exploration, in each context onto a single component of proactiveness. In accordance with the AIC criteria, the sex, body mass, body condition index (BCI), and wingtip shape were selected as predictors for the proactiveness of the bats in the TB and FT tests. In the HB tests, the biomass and abundances of parasitic bat flies were additionally selected but body condition was excluded. We found a negative effect of the body mass on the proactiveness of the female bats in both the HB and FT tests, and that on the proactiveness of the male bats in the HB tests but not so in the FT tests. The sexual differences and negative correlation between the body mass of the bats and their proactive responsiveness are consistent with the mechanism of state-dependent energy assimilation efficiency. Our results may also concur with the predicted feedback mechanism stemming from the characteristic conditions associated with the environment of the bats. This latter inference offers insights for exploring the patterns of personality traits along gradients or seasonality of ecological conditions.\",\"PeriodicalId\":13666,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Integrative Organismal Biology\",\"volume\":\"30 3\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Integrative Organismal Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad041\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Integrative Organismal Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad041","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
一个种群中的动物可能会表现出不同的行为类型,这些行为类型在不同时间和不同环境下在个体间存在一致的差异,统称为动物个性。生物的内在特征及其与环境的相互作用所产生的个体状态变量可能会导致或帮助维持这些个体间的行为差异。本研究考察了体重、身体状况、飞行形态和寄生虫负荷对弯翅蝙蝠(Miniopterus fuliginosus)个性特征的影响。我们在孔板箱(HB)、隧道箱(TB)和飞行帐篷(FT)三种测试环境中对蝙蝠进行了评估,这些测试环境模拟了蝙蝠的自然环境,并允许蝙蝠采用不同的运动模式。PCA 分析将每种环境中蝙蝠的三个相互正相关的个性特征(大胆、活跃和探索)加载到一个单一的主动性成分上。根据AIC标准,在TB和FT测试中,性别、体重、身体状况指数(BCI)和翼尖形状被选为蝙蝠主动性的预测因子。在 HB 检验中,寄生蝠蝇的生物量和丰度也被选中,但身体状况被排除在外。我们发现,在 HB 和 FT 试验中,体重对雌性蝙蝠的主动性有负作用;在 HB 试验中,体重对雄性蝙蝠的主动性有负作用,而在 FT 试验中则没有。蝙蝠的性别差异及其体重与主动反应性之间的负相关与能量同化效率的状态依赖机制是一致的。我们的结果也可能与蝙蝠所处环境的特征条件所产生的反馈机制相吻合。后一种推论为探索生态条件梯度或季节性的个性特征模式提供了启示。
Sex and State-Dependent Effects on Proactive Behaviors of Bent-Wing Bats Across Contexts
Animals within a population may show distinct behavioral types that differ consistently among individuals over time and across contexts, collectively known as animal personality. Individual state variables arising from intrinsic features of organisms and their interactions with the environment may contribute to or aid in maintaining these interindividual behavioral differences. The present study examined the effects of the body mass, body condition, flight morphology, and parasite load on the personality traits of bent-wing bats Miniopterus fuliginosus. We assessed the bats in three testing contexts, hole-board box (HB), tunnel-box (TB), and flight-tent (FT), that mimicked their natural environmental settings and allowed for different locomotion modes. A PCA analysis loaded the three mutually positively correlated personality traits of the bats, boldness, activity, and exploration, in each context onto a single component of proactiveness. In accordance with the AIC criteria, the sex, body mass, body condition index (BCI), and wingtip shape were selected as predictors for the proactiveness of the bats in the TB and FT tests. In the HB tests, the biomass and abundances of parasitic bat flies were additionally selected but body condition was excluded. We found a negative effect of the body mass on the proactiveness of the female bats in both the HB and FT tests, and that on the proactiveness of the male bats in the HB tests but not so in the FT tests. The sexual differences and negative correlation between the body mass of the bats and their proactive responsiveness are consistent with the mechanism of state-dependent energy assimilation efficiency. Our results may also concur with the predicted feedback mechanism stemming from the characteristic conditions associated with the environment of the bats. This latter inference offers insights for exploring the patterns of personality traits along gradients or seasonality of ecological conditions.