急诊室精神病咨询：自闭症谱系障碍儿童与非自闭症谱系障碍儿童的社会人口和临床差异

IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI:10.1007/s41252-023-00384-9

Tania Viviani, Diane Morin, Brian J. Greenfield

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的近年来，加拿大和美国儿科急诊室（ER）危机心理保健就诊人数不断增加，其中患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的青少年所占比例很高。本研究旨在描述到急诊室接受危机评估的自闭症儿童的社会人口学和临床特征，并将其与同样到急诊室接受危机评估的神经典型儿童进行比较。方法将 25 名患有自闭症的儿童和 286 名无自闭症的儿童在年龄、性别、父母婚姻和社会经济状况、社会心理功能、自杀行为、精神科诊断和急诊室就诊原因等方面进行比较。结果患有自闭症的青少年中男性的比例较高（X2 (1, N = 303) = 11.97, p < .001），年龄较小（t(303) = - 3.08, p = .002）、自杀行为增加（X2 (4, N = 261) = 14.99 p ≤ .005）、并存药物使用障碍诊断较少（X2 (1, N = 303) = 3.91 p = .048）、行为障碍作为急诊室就诊原因的发生率较高（X2 (1, N = 301) = 41.25 p <.00）。结论了解自闭症人群的社会人口学和临床特征将有助于临床医生确定这一群体寻求危机干预的需求，改善管理，确定服务提供的方向，加强预防，并告知政府机构提供无障碍服务的必要性。

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Emergency Room Psychiatric Consultations: Socio-demographic and Clinical Differences Between Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders

Objectives

Recent years have witnessed an increase in pediatric emergency room (ER) visits for crisis mental health care in Canada and the USA, with a high proportion driven by youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aims to characterize the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of autistic children presenting to an ER for crisis assessment and compare them to those of neurotypical children also presenting to the ER in crisis.

Methods

Twenty-five children with ASD and 286 without the disorder were compared in terms of age, sex, parent marital and socio-economic status, psychosocial functioning, suicidal behavior, psychiatric diagnosis, and reasons for ER consultation.

Results

Youth with ASD showed a higher frequency of male sex (X² (1, N = 303) = 11.97, p < .001), younger age (t(303) = − 3.08, p = .002), increased suicidal behavior (X² (4, N = 261) = 14.99 p ≤ .005), less co-existing diagnosis of substance use disorder (X² (1, N = 303) = 3.91 p = .048), and greater prevalence of behavioral disorders as the reason for ER consultation (X² (1, N = 301) = 41.25 p < .00).

Conclusions

An understanding of the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the autistic population will help clinicians identify the needs of this group seeking crisis intervention, improve management, orient service delivery, increase prevention, and inform governmental organizations of the need to provide service accessibility.

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来源期刊

Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Social Sciences-Social Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders publishes high-quality research in the broad area of neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan. Study participants may include individuals with:Intellectual and developmental disabilitiesGlobal developmental delayCommunication disordersLanguage disordersSpeech sound disordersChildhood-onset fluency disorders (e.g., stuttering)Social (e.g., pragmatic) communication disordersUnspecified communication disordersAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specified and unspecifiedSpecific learning disordersMotor disordersDevelopmental coordination disordersStereotypic movement disorderTic disorders, specified and unspecifiedOther neurodevelopmental disorders, specified and unspecifiedPapers may also include studies of participants with neurodegenerative disorders that lead to a decline in intellectual functioning, including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, Huntington’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The journal includes empirical, theoretical and review papers on a large variety of issues, populations, and domains, including but not limited to: diagnosis; incidence and prevalence; and educational, pharmacological, behavioral and cognitive behavioral, mindfulness, and psychosocial interventions across the life span. Animal models of basic research that inform the understanding and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders are also welcomed. The journal is multidisciplinary and multi-theoretical, and encourages research from multiple specialties in the social sciences using quantitative and mixed-method research methodologies.