加拿大实验室人类病原体和毒素暴露监测,2021 年。

Emily R Thompson, Maryem El Jaouhari, Nadine Eltayeb, Christine Abalos, Megan Striha, Rojiemiahd Edjoc, Collins Ayoo, Samuel Bonti-Ankomah
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:加拿大实验室事故通报监控系统对根据《人类病原体和毒素法》和《人类病原体和毒素条例》必须报告的实验室事故进行监控。本文介绍了 2021 年在加拿大发生的实验室暴露事件以及在这些事件中受到影响的个人:我们从加拿大实验室事故通报系统(Laboratory Incident Notification Canada)中提取了 2021 年加拿大持证实验室发生的所有实验室事故,并使用 R 软件对其进行了分析。我们计算了暴露事故的发生率,并按部门、根本原因、活动、发生类型和病原体/毒素类型进行了描述性统计。我们还对受影响人员的教育水平、接触途径、部门、角色和实验室经验进行了分析。我们进行了季节性分析,将 2016 年至 2020 年每月发生的暴露事件中位数与 2021 年每月发生的事件进行了比较:2021 年,加拿大实验室事故通报部门共收到 43 起暴露事件报告,涉及 72 人。其中有两例确诊的实验室获得性感染和一例疑似感染。年度事故暴露率为每 100 个有效许可证发生 4.2 起事故。大多数暴露事件涉及非安全敏感生物制剂(数量=38;86.4%)和人类风险组 2(RG2)病原体(数量=27;61.4%),其中细菌(数量=20;45.5%)和病毒(数量=16;36.4%)是牵涉最多的制剂类型。微生物学是与这些事件相关的最常见活动(n=18;41.9%),大多数事件由学术部门报告(n=20;46.5%)。与利器相关的事件(12 起,占 22.2%)最为常见,而人为因素(如工作量限制/压力/要求、人为错误)(29 起,占 28.2%)则是最常见的根本原因。大多数受影响的人是通过吸入(38 人,占 52.8%)和作为技术员或技术人员(51 人,占 70.8%)而接触到空气的。季节性分析显示,2021 年报告的接触事故数量在 9 月和 5 月最高:2021年的实验室事故发生率略低于2020年。最常见的事故类型与利器有关,而人际交往问题是最常见的根本原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Surveillance of laboratory exposures to human pathogens and toxins, Canada, 2021.

Background: The Laboratory Incident Notification Canada surveillance system monitors laboratory incidents that are mandated to be reported under the Human Pathogens and Toxins Act and the Human Pathogens and Toxins Regulations. This article describes laboratory exposure incidents that occurred in Canada in 2021 and individuals affected in these incidents.

Methods: We extracted all laboratory incidents occurring in licensed Canadian laboratories in 2021 from the Laboratory Incident Notification Canada system and analyzed them using the software R. We calculated the rate of exposure incidents and performed descriptive statistics by sector, root cause, activity, occurrence type and type of pathogen/toxin. Analysis of the education level, route of exposure, sector, role and laboratory experience of the affected persons was also conducted. We conducted seasonality analysis to compare the median monthly occurrence of exposure incidents between 2016 and 2020 to monthly incidents in 2021.

Results: Forty-three exposure incidents involving 72 individuals were reported to Laboratory Incident Notification Canada in 2021. There were two confirmed laboratory-acquired infections and one suspected infection. The annual incident exposure rate was 4.2 incidents per 100 active licenses. Most exposure incidents involved non-Security Sensitive Biological Agents (n=38; 86.4%) and human risk group 2 (RG2) pathogens (n=27; 61.4%), with bacteria (n=20; 45.5%) and viruses (n=16; 36.4%) as the most implicated agent types. Microbiology was the most common activity associated with these incidents (n=18; 41.9%) and most incidents were reported by the academic sector (n=20; 46.5%). Sharps-related (n=12; 22.2%) incidents were the most common, while human interaction (e.g. workload constraints/pressures/demands, human error) (n=29, 28.2%) was the most common root cause. Most affected individuals were exposed through inhalation (n=38; 52.8%) and worked as technicians or technologists (n=51; 70.8%). Seasonality analyses revealed that the number of exposure incidents reported in 2021 were highest in September and May.

Conclusion: The rate of laboratory incidents was slightly lower in 2021 than in 2020. The most common occurrence type was sharps-related while issues with human interaction was the most cited root cause.

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