Numerical Simulations of Vertical Discrete Gusts Driven by Trailing Edge Blowing

A new type of gust generator generates the airflow oscillation in the wind tunnel through the Coanda effect of the unsteady trailing edge blowing, which has been shown to have strong potential for accurately simulating discrete gusts. It is necessary to study the relationship between the generated gust characteristics and the control parameters of such devices in order to optimize the design performance and improve gust simulation capabilities. By solving the compressible unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations, the computational fluid dynamics model of the subsonic airflow past the gust generator in the wind tunnel was presented. The effects of jet momentum, frequency, and spanwise blowing ratio on gust intensity, shape, and spatial uniformity were investigated. Results indicate that the intensity of gusts is positively correlated with jet momentum and frequency. The gust shape matches well with the normalized jet momentum coefficient curve. However, when the frequency increases to above 10 Hz, the gust shape differs significantly from expectation due to the appearance of reverse wave peaks. In addition, the mechanism of the impact of the sidewall and partial spanwise blowing on gusts was revealed. In the three-dimensional situation, streamwise vortices are formed on the sidewall and at the spanwise position where the blowing stops, respectively. This results in an increase and noticeable nonuniformity in gust amplitude. When the blowing with a 15% spanwise length near the sidewall is turned off, the gust amplitude at the symmetry plane increases by nearly 40% due to the main vortex being closer to the main flow. The result provides a physical explanation for the availability of this operation to reduce gust attenuation.