开发更好的抗蛇毒血清:通往新型蛇毒疗法之路。

IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q4 TOXICOLOGY
Suthimon Thumtecho, Nick J Burlet, Anne Ljungars, Andreas H Laustsen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一个多世纪以来,从超免疫动物身上提取的传统血浆抗蛇毒血清一直是治疗这种疾病的主要方法。然而,这些抗蛇毒血清有一些固有的局限性,包括在给患者用药时可能会引起不良反应、批次之间的差异以及高昂的生产成本。为了解决这些问题并提高治疗效果,开发新型抗蛇毒血清至关重要。在开发过程中,应重点关注提高临床疗效、增强安全性和经济性等关键方面。为实现这些目标,现代生物技术方法可用于发现和开发可中和多种蛇类重要医学毒素的治疗剂。本综述重点介绍了其中的一些制剂,包括单克隆抗体、纳米抗体和精选的小分子,这些制剂可实现广泛的毒素中和,具有良好的安全性,并可通过标准化生产流程进行大规模生产。考虑到这些不同制剂在药代动力学方面的固有优势和局限性,将它们结合起来可能有利于开发具有更好治疗特性的新型抗蛇毒血清产品。虽然新疗法的实施需要时间,但可以预见的是,生物技术进步的应用是开发蛇咬伤治疗新疗法的一条大有可为的途径。随着研发工作的不断推进,这些新产品可能会成为未来的主流疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Towards better antivenoms: navigating the road to new types of snakebite envenoming therapies.

Snakebite envenoming is a significant global health challenge, and for over a century, traditional plasma-derived antivenoms from hyperimmunized animals have been the primary treatment against this infliction. However, these antivenoms have several inherent limitations, including the risk of causing adverse reactions when administered to patients, batch-to-batch variation, and high production costs. To address these issues and improve treatment outcomes, the development of new types of antivenoms is crucial. During this development, key aspects such as improved clinical efficacy, enhanced safety profiles, and greater affordability should be in focus. To achieve these goals, modern biotechnological methods can be applied to the discovery and development of therapeutic agents that can neutralize medically important toxins from multiple snake species. This review highlights some of these agents, including monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies, and selected small molecules, that can achieve broad toxin neutralization, have favorable safety profiles, and can be produced on a large scale with standardized manufacturing processes. Considering the inherent strengths and limitations related to the pharmacokinetics of these different agents, a combination of them might be beneficial in the development of new types of antivenom products with improved therapeutic properties. While the implementation of new therapies requires time, it is foreseeable that the application of biotechnological advancements represents a promising trajectory toward the development of improved therapies for snakebite envenoming. As research and development continue to advance, these new products could emerge as the mainstay treatment in the future.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
8.30%
发文量
39
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases (JVATiTD) is a non-commercial academic open access publication dedicated to research on all aspects of toxinology, venomous animals and tropical diseases. Its interdisciplinary content includes original scientific articles covering research on toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:systematics and morphology of venomous animals;physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology and immunology of toxins;epidemiology, clinical aspects and treatment of envenoming by different animals, plants and microorganisms;development and evaluation of antivenoms and toxin-derivative products;epidemiology, clinical aspects and treatment of tropical diseases (caused by virus, bacteria, algae, fungi and parasites) including the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) defined by the World Health Organization.
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