最小核心度较小的边缘关键图的过度丰满性

IF 0.9 3区 数学 Q2 MATHEMATICS
Yan Cao, Guantao Chen, Guangming Jing, Songling Shan
{"title":"最小核心度较小的边缘关键图的过度丰满性","authors":"Yan Cao,&nbsp;Guantao Chen,&nbsp;Guangming Jing,&nbsp;Songling Shan","doi":"10.1002/jgt.23069","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Let <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> be a simple graph. Let <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> be the maximum degree and the chromatic index of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, respectively. We call <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> <i>overfull</i> if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>E</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>∕</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>⌊</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>V</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>∕</mo>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>⌋</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>&gt;</mo>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $| E(G)| \\unicode{x02215}\\lfloor | V(G)| \\unicode{x02215}2\\rfloor \\gt {\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, and <i>critical</i> if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>H</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>&lt;</mo>\n \n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (H)\\lt \\chi ^{\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> for every proper subgraph <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>H</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $H$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. Clearly, if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is overfull then <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>=</mo>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>+</mo>\n \n <mn>1</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (G)={\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)+1$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. The <i>core</i> of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, denoted by <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${G}_{{\\rm{\\Delta }}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, is the subgraph of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> induced by all its maximum degree vertices. We believe that utilizing the core degree condition could be considered as an approach to attack the overfull conjecture. Along this direction, we in this paper show that for any integer <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $k\\ge 2$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is critical with <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mfrac>\n <mn>2</mn>\n \n <mn>3</mn>\n </mfrac>\n \n <mi>n</mi>\n \n <mo>+</mo>\n \n <mfrac>\n <mrow>\n <mn>3</mn>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mfrac>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)\\ge \\frac{2}{3}n+\\frac{3k}{2}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n </msub>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>≤</mo>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\delta ({G}_{{\\rm{\\Delta }}})\\le k$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, then <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is overfull.</p>","PeriodicalId":16014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Graph Theory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Overfullness of edge-critical graphs with small minimal core degree\",\"authors\":\"Yan Cao,&nbsp;Guantao Chen,&nbsp;Guangming Jing,&nbsp;Songling Shan\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jgt.23069\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Let <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> be a simple graph. Let <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> be the maximum degree and the chromatic index of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, respectively. We call <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> <i>overfull</i> if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mi>E</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mo>∕</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⌊</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mi>V</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mo>∕</mo>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>⌋</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>&gt;</mo>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $| E(G)| \\\\unicode{x02215}\\\\lfloor | V(G)| \\\\unicode{x02215}2\\\\rfloor \\\\gt {\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, and <i>critical</i> if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>H</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>&lt;</mo>\\n \\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (H)\\\\lt \\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> for every proper subgraph <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>H</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $H$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. Clearly, if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is overfull then <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>=</mo>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>+</mo>\\n \\n <mn>1</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)={\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)+1$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. The <i>core</i> of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, denoted by <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${G}_{{\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, is the subgraph of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> induced by all its maximum degree vertices. We believe that utilizing the core degree condition could be considered as an approach to attack the overfull conjecture. Along this direction, we in this paper show that for any integer <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n \\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $k\\\\ge 2$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is critical with <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n \\n <mfrac>\\n <mn>2</mn>\\n \\n <mn>3</mn>\\n </mfrac>\\n \\n <mi>n</mi>\\n \\n <mo>+</mo>\\n \\n <mfrac>\\n <mrow>\\n <mn>3</mn>\\n \\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mfrac>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)\\\\ge \\\\frac{2}{3}n+\\\\frac{3k}{2}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n </msub>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>≤</mo>\\n \\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\delta ({G}_{{\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}})\\\\le k$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, then <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is overfull.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16014,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Graph Theory\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Graph Theory\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgt.23069\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Graph Theory","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgt.23069","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

让 G$G$ 是一个简单图。让 Δ(G)${rm{\Delta }}(G)$ 和 χ′(G)$chi ^{\prime} (G)$ 分别为 G$G$ 的最大度数和色度指数。如果∣E(G)∣∕⌊∣V(G)∣∕2⌋>Δ(G)$| E(G)| \unicode{x02215}\lfloor | V(G)| \unicode{x02215}2\rfloor \gt {\rm{Delta }}(G)$ ,我们称 G$G$ 为 overfull;如果 χ′(H)<;χ′(G)$\chi ^{\prime} (H)\lt \chi ^{\prime} (G)$ 对于 G$G$ 的每个适当子图 H$H$ 都是临界的。显然,如果 G$G$ 是过满的,那么 χ′(G)=Δ(G)+1$\chi ^{\prime} (G)={rm{\Delta }}(G)+1$.G$G$ 的核心用 GΔ${G}_{{\rm\{Delta }}$ 表示,是由 G$G$ 的所有最大度顶点引起的子图。我们认为,利用核心度条件可以被视为攻克过全猜想的一种方法。沿着这个方向,我们在本文中证明,对于任意整数 k≥2$k\ge 2$、if G$G$ is critical with Δ(G)≥23n+3k2$\{rm\{Delta }}(G)\ge \frac{2}{3}n+\frac{3k}{2}$ and δ(GΔ)≤k$\delta ({G}_{\rm\{Delta }}})\le k$, then G$G$ is overfull.
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Overfullness of edge-critical graphs with small minimal core degree

Let G $G$ be a simple graph. Let Δ ( G ) ${\rm{\Delta }}(G)$ and χ ( G ) $\chi ^{\prime} (G)$ be the maximum degree and the chromatic index of G $G$ , respectively. We call G $G$ overfull if E ( G ) V ( G ) 2 > Δ ( G ) $| E(G)| \unicode{x02215}\lfloor | V(G)| \unicode{x02215}2\rfloor \gt {\rm{\Delta }}(G)$ , and critical if χ ( H ) < χ ( G ) $\chi ^{\prime} (H)\lt \chi ^{\prime} (G)$ for every proper subgraph H $H$ of G $G$ . Clearly, if G $G$ is overfull then χ ( G ) = Δ ( G ) + 1 $\chi ^{\prime} (G)={\rm{\Delta }}(G)+1$ . The core of G $G$ , denoted by G Δ ${G}_{{\rm{\Delta }}}$ , is the subgraph of G $G$ induced by all its maximum degree vertices. We believe that utilizing the core degree condition could be considered as an approach to attack the overfull conjecture. Along this direction, we in this paper show that for any integer k 2 $k\ge 2$ , if G $G$ is critical with Δ ( G ) 2 3 n + 3 k 2 ${\rm{\Delta }}(G)\ge \frac{2}{3}n+\frac{3k}{2}$ and δ ( G Δ ) k $\delta ({G}_{{\rm{\Delta }}})\le k$ , then G $G$ is overfull.

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来源期刊
Journal of Graph Theory
Journal of Graph Theory 数学-数学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
22.20%
发文量
130
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Graph Theory is devoted to a variety of topics in graph theory, such as structural results about graphs, graph algorithms with theoretical emphasis, and discrete optimization on graphs. The scope of the journal also includes related areas in combinatorics and the interaction of graph theory with other mathematical sciences. A subscription to the Journal of Graph Theory includes a subscription to the Journal of Combinatorial Designs .
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