{"title":"玻璃纤维环氧碳纳米复合材料的水热老化及其基于拉伸强度的使用寿命预测","authors":"Madhu B M, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan J.","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22084","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <p>This paper investigates the hydrothermal aging of pultruded glass-fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposite rods with carbon nanofillers. The nanocomposites developed in this study are proposed for the core of high-tension low-sag conductors in power transmission. Nanocomposites were fabricated with a nanomodified matrix containing 0.2 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 0.6 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets. The epoxy nanocomposites tensile strength and life predictions were determined under different water aging conditions. Objective of the study is to evaluate the water absorption kinetics and its impact on tensile strength, microstructure and to compute the service life under hydrothermal aging by predictive techniques. Nanocomposites were aged in water at 30, 50, and 80°C for a duration of 3000 h, and the microstructure and chemical composition were investigated. Based on Arrhenius's theory, a service life prediction model based on the tensile-strength of the nanocomposite is established for hydrothermal aging. The results have shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers to the epoxy matrix improves the hydrophobicity and reduces the water diffusion coefficient. Water absorptions of the nanocomposites are observed to follow Fick's law, and its influence on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite is evident and is more significant in epoxy composites without carbon nanofillers. After 3000 h of immersion at 50 and 80°C, the tensile strength retention is above 85%. The hydrothermal environment accelerates the development of micro-voids and cracks, which are initially formed and observed to be the primary reason for the degradation in mechanical strength under service conditions, in addition to debonding of the fibers.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Highlights</h3>\n \n <div>\n <ul>\n \n <li>Carbon nanocomposites were aged at different temperatures and durations.</li>\n \n <li>Service life prediction model established based on Arrhenius's theory.</li>\n \n <li>Addition of carbon nanofillers enhances hydrophobicity and reduces water diffusion.</li>\n \n <li>Tensile strength retention above 85% after 3000 h of aging.</li>\n \n <li>Hydrothermal aging accelerates aging contributing to strength degradation.</li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 3","pages":"772-787"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Hydrothermal aging of glass fiber epoxy-carbon nanocomposites and its service life predictions based on tensile strength\",\"authors\":\"Madhu B M, Rashmi Aradhya, Sundara Rajan J.\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/vnl.22084\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <p>This paper investigates the hydrothermal aging of pultruded glass-fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposite rods with carbon nanofillers. The nanocomposites developed in this study are proposed for the core of high-tension low-sag conductors in power transmission. Nanocomposites were fabricated with a nanomodified matrix containing 0.2 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 0.6 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets. The epoxy nanocomposites tensile strength and life predictions were determined under different water aging conditions. Objective of the study is to evaluate the water absorption kinetics and its impact on tensile strength, microstructure and to compute the service life under hydrothermal aging by predictive techniques. Nanocomposites were aged in water at 30, 50, and 80°C for a duration of 3000 h, and the microstructure and chemical composition were investigated. Based on Arrhenius's theory, a service life prediction model based on the tensile-strength of the nanocomposite is established for hydrothermal aging. The results have shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers to the epoxy matrix improves the hydrophobicity and reduces the water diffusion coefficient. Water absorptions of the nanocomposites are observed to follow Fick's law, and its influence on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite is evident and is more significant in epoxy composites without carbon nanofillers. After 3000 h of immersion at 50 and 80°C, the tensile strength retention is above 85%. The hydrothermal environment accelerates the development of micro-voids and cracks, which are initially formed and observed to be the primary reason for the degradation in mechanical strength under service conditions, in addition to debonding of the fibers.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Highlights</h3>\\n \\n <div>\\n <ul>\\n \\n <li>Carbon nanocomposites were aged at different temperatures and durations.</li>\\n \\n <li>Service life prediction model established based on Arrhenius's theory.</li>\\n \\n <li>Addition of carbon nanofillers enhances hydrophobicity and reduces water diffusion.</li>\\n \\n <li>Tensile strength retention above 85% after 3000 h of aging.</li>\\n \\n <li>Hydrothermal aging accelerates aging contributing to strength degradation.</li>\\n </ul>\\n </div>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17662,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology\",\"volume\":\"30 3\",\"pages\":\"772-787\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vnl.22084\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vnl.22084","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrothermal aging of glass fiber epoxy-carbon nanocomposites and its service life predictions based on tensile strength
This paper investigates the hydrothermal aging of pultruded glass-fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposite rods with carbon nanofillers. The nanocomposites developed in this study are proposed for the core of high-tension low-sag conductors in power transmission. Nanocomposites were fabricated with a nanomodified matrix containing 0.2 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 0.6 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets. The epoxy nanocomposites tensile strength and life predictions were determined under different water aging conditions. Objective of the study is to evaluate the water absorption kinetics and its impact on tensile strength, microstructure and to compute the service life under hydrothermal aging by predictive techniques. Nanocomposites were aged in water at 30, 50, and 80°C for a duration of 3000 h, and the microstructure and chemical composition were investigated. Based on Arrhenius's theory, a service life prediction model based on the tensile-strength of the nanocomposite is established for hydrothermal aging. The results have shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers to the epoxy matrix improves the hydrophobicity and reduces the water diffusion coefficient. Water absorptions of the nanocomposites are observed to follow Fick's law, and its influence on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite is evident and is more significant in epoxy composites without carbon nanofillers. After 3000 h of immersion at 50 and 80°C, the tensile strength retention is above 85%. The hydrothermal environment accelerates the development of micro-voids and cracks, which are initially formed and observed to be the primary reason for the degradation in mechanical strength under service conditions, in addition to debonding of the fibers.
Highlights
Carbon nanocomposites were aged at different temperatures and durations.
Service life prediction model established based on Arrhenius's theory.
Addition of carbon nanofillers enhances hydrophobicity and reduces water diffusion.
Tensile strength retention above 85% after 3000 h of aging.
Hydrothermal aging accelerates aging contributing to strength degradation.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.
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