过去童工的两种模式

IF 0.1 Q4 ECONOMICS
Dariusz Łukasiewicz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

如今,我们认为童工是一种可耻的折磨,是对自然秩序的邪恶破坏。毕竟,童年是无忧无虑、尽情玩乐和上学的时期,孩子们天真而脆弱。现在人们认为这些是原始的和自然的权利,这是不正确的。过去有两种童工模式我在论文中提到过。农村和城市的家务劳动,这是当时工作和居住在一个地方的封建经济的特点(现在农村仍然是这样),以及在家庭以外的地方工作,例如在工厂里工作,这是资本主义经济的特点。还有各种各样的混合形式。因此,在前现代时期,农村的孩子已经被送到领主的农场、富农或城市服务。同样,在现代,孩子们在家从事家庭工业。童工的广泛使用首先是由于缺乏义务教育,这反过来又阻碍了童工的正常使用。然而,只要有经济上的需要,上学就必须让位于养家糊口。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Two Models of Child Labour in the Past
Abstract Nowadays we perceive child labour as a shameful torture and a wicked destruction of the natural order of things. After all, childhood is a time for carelessness, fun and schooling, and children are innocent and vulnerable. Nowadays people believe that these are primeval and natural rights, which is not true. There used to be two models of child labour which I present in my paper. Domestic work in the countryside and in cities, characteristic of the feudal economy at the time when a workplace and a place of residence were the same place (this is still the case in the countryside nowadays), and work outside home, for example in a factory, characteristic of the capitalist economy. There were also varied mixed forms. Thus, in the pre-modern period, rural children were already given to work on a lord’s farm, to a rich farmer, or to serve in a city. Similarly, in modern times, children worked at home in domestic industries. The extensive use of child labour was first made possible by the lack of compulsory schooling, which in turn later prevented regular child labour. As long as there was an economic need, however, school had to give way to earning a living for one’s family.
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