特别调查委员会在日本战后重建中的作用

Igor Piliaiev
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摘要

本文探讨了日本战后经济重建初期的制度和观念经验。全面分析了日本外务省特别调查委员会(SSC)成立的前提条件、体制机制和绩效结果;在乌克兰战后重建任务的背景下,评估其对战后重建和日本经济显著成功的现代化的影响。为此,采用了抽象逻辑、经验历史和跨学科的方法,并运用了政治经济学和现代化理论的工具。结论是,SSC已成为日本国家重建整个进一步进程的智力,人员和计划“集结点”。因此,SSC为日本政府提供了一个关于该国在战后世界、后者的经济和金融体系以及国家地标、优先事项和战后重建机制中的位置的系统视野。尽管受到军事安全和地缘政治因素的强大影响,但日本民族精英的高度动员、爱国主义和社会责任感,使其相信有必要在先进技术的基础上实现重工业化,这是日本战后复苏的基础。南南合作委员会的经验证明,在每一个国家战后重建的成功案例中,人们都应该找到并确定启动恢复进程的关键概念和体制倡议-不一定是物质上的,但至少在概念和政治意志方面,因为每一个大规模和成功的(重新)建设都始于相关项目的开发和批准。笔者认为,南南委员会关于日本经济重建基本问题的战略报告是一个相关的框架模型,可以据此制定国家经济重建战略,特别是乌克兰战后经济复苏战略,当然要考虑到国家和地方的特点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of the special survey committee in the post-war reconstruction of Japan
The article explores the institutional and conceptual experience of the initial period of Japan’s post-war economic reconstruction. The prerequisites, institutional mechanisms, and performance results of the Special Survey Committee (SSC) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan are comprehensively analyzed; its impact on the post-war reconstruction and the phenomenally successful modernization of the Japanese economy in the context of Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction tasks is assessed. For this purpose, the abstract-logical, empirical-historical, interdisciplinary methods are used, and the tools of political economy and modernization theory are applied. It is concluded that the SSC has become the intellectual, personnel and program «assembly point» for the entire further process of Japan’s national reconstruction. Thus, the SSC provided the Japanese government with a systemic vision of the country's place in the postwar world, in the latter’s economic and financial system as well as of national landmarks, priorities, and postwar reconstruction mechanisms. Despite the powerful influence of military-security and geopolitical factors, it took a very high level of mobilization, patriotism, and social responsibility of the Japanese national elite to convince the Allied Powers of the need to make heavy industrialization based on advanced technologies the basis of Japan's postwar recovery. The SSC’s experience testifies that in every successful case of national post-war reconstruction, one should find and define the key conceptual and institutional initiative that launched the recovery process – not necessarily materially, but at least in conceptual and political-volitional terms, as every large-scale and successful (re)construction begins with the development and approval of the relevant project. The author concludes that the SSC’s strategic report on the basic problems of Japan's economic reconstruction is a relevant framework model, according to which a strategy of national economic reconstruction, in particular post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy, may be developed, of course, taking into account national and local characteristics.
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