对以证据为基础的阿富汗难民心理健康干预措施的系统性回顾:文化适应性分析

IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Zainab Hosseini, Hamza Syed, Zainab Raza, Moones Mansouri, I. Magan, Rania Awaad
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在联合国难民事务高级专员办事处(难民署)70年的任务授权下,阿富汗难民面临着一些规模最大、时间最长的被迫流离失所经历。这种被迫移徙的代际接触对这些人口在流离失所的不同阶段的心理健康产生了无数的影响。在西方国家重新定居的阿富汗难民面临着一系列独特的挑战,因为他们必须在语言、文化和精神上与自己的背景截然不同的社会中重新安置。本系统综述探讨了自2000年以来解决重新安置到西方国家的阿富汗难民心理健康问题的干预措施的(a)有效性和(b)文化适应性。本系统综述将采用文化治疗适应框架(CTAF)来组织文化适应的程度。通过对四个数据库的系统搜索,从我们的搜索条件中出现了1709项研究,其中7项符合本综述的标准,例如,研究包括超过2/3的阿富汗参与者;研究包括结果变量。研究包括在德国、塞尔维亚、瑞典和奥地利的项目。干预措施最常见的结果包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD) (n = 5)、抑郁(n = 3)和生活质量(n = 3)。项目模式包括认知行为治疗(n = 4)、情绪调节(n = 1)、家庭治疗(n = 1)和多模式干预(n = 2)。大多数研究只将外围改变纳入文化适应服务的干预措施,只有一项干预措施包括核心改变。与其他研究相比,该项目在减少创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状方面的效果最大。这些发现为未来的研究提供了方向,因为他们考虑文化适应的程度是否会影响阿富汗难民人口计划的有效性。我们为这一人群的心理健康实践提供建议,包括特别关注日常压力源的作用,信仰和基于文化的意义创造在应对服务中的重要性,以及孤立的突出性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Interventions for Afghan Refugee Mental Health: A Cultural Adaptation Analysis
Under the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ (UNHCR) seven-decade mandate, Afghan refugees have faced some of the largest and most protracted experiences with forced displacement. This intergenerational exposure to forced migration has had innumerable consequences for the mental health of this population across different stages of their displacement. Afghan refugees who have resettled into Western nations face a unique set of challenges as they must navigate resettlement into societies that are linguistically, culturally, and spiritually distinct from their own backgrounds. This systematic review explores the (a) effectiveness and (b) cultural adaptation of interventions that have addressed the mental health of Afghan refugees resettled into Western countries since the year 2000. This systematic review will employ the Cultural Treatment Adaptation Framework (CTAF) to organize the extent of cultural adaptations. Through the systematic search of four databases, 1709 studies emerged from our search terms, seven of which met the criteria for this review, for example, study includes more than 2/3 Afghan participants; study includes outcome variables. Studies included programs in Germany, Serbia, Sweden, and Austria. The most common outcomes that interventions addressed included posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ( n = 5), depression ( n = 3), and quality of life ( n = 3). Program modalities ranged between Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( n = 4), emotion regulation ( n = 1), family therapy ( n = 1), and multimodal interventions ( n = 2). Most studies only incorporated peripheral changes to interventions in the service of cultural adaptation, and only one intervention included core changes. This program reported the highest effect sizes in reducing PTSD and depressive symptoms when compared with the rest of the studies. These findings provide a direction for future studies as they consider whether the extent of cultural adaptations can influence the effectiveness of programs for Afghan refugee populations. We provide recommendations for mental health practice with this population, including a special attention to the role of daily stressors, the significance of faith and culture-based meaning making in the service of coping, and the salience of isolation.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
69
期刊介绍: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from either cross-cultural comparative research or results from other types of research concerning the ways in which culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affect the thinking and behavior of individuals as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory will also be considered. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.
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