{"title":"2019 年冠状病毒疾病全程接种和加强接种 mRNA 疫苗对δ期和Ω期疾病严重程度的实际效果：利用日本全国登记数据进行倾向得分匹配队列研究","authors":"Tetsuya Suzuki , Yusuke Asai , Shinya Tsuzuki , Hidetoshi Nomoto , Nobuaki Matsunaga , Eiichi N. Kodama , Kayoko Hayakawa , Norio Ohmagari","doi":"10.1016/j.jmii.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To date, few studies from the Asian region have reported the effectiveness of messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against disease progression and death after hospitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We evaluated the data from the COVID-19 registry in Japan during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases. A propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted between the incompletely (0–1 dose) and fully (2 doses) vaccinated groups during the delta-dominant phase and among the incompletely, fully, and booster (3 doses) vaccinated groups during the omicron-dominant phase.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the delta-dominant phase, 411 pairs were matched. The fully vaccinated group showed a significantly lower oxygen supplementation rate (24.1 % vs. 41.1 %, p < 0.001) but little difference in the mortality rate (2.2 % vs. 2.9 %, p = 0.66). In the omicron-dominant phase, 1494 pairs from the incompletely and fully vaccinated groups, and 425 pairs from the fully and booster vaccinated groups were matched. Full vaccination reduced both the oxygen supplementation rate (18.6 % vs 25.7 %, p < 0.001) and mortality rate (0.7 % vs 2.3 %, p < 0.001). Booster vaccination showed little difference in either the rate of oxygen supplementation (21.2 % vs. 24.7 %, p = 0.25) or mortality (1.2 % vs. 2.6 %, p = 0.21) compared with full vaccination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Full vaccination reduced disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases; booster vaccination did not further enhance the protective effects against disease progression during the omicron-dominant phase compared to full vaccination. Future vaccine strategies and policy decisions should consider preventing infection or disease progression in the target population, as well as the characteristics of the dominant variant in that phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","volume":"57 1","pages":"Pages 20-29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118223002165/pdfft?md5=fc71b376b26e3d4718cf2f879f556244&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118223002165-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Real-world effectiveness of full and booster mRNA vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 against disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases: A propensity score-matched cohort study using the nationwide registry data in Japan\",\"authors\":\"Tetsuya Suzuki , Yusuke Asai , Shinya Tsuzuki , Hidetoshi Nomoto , Nobuaki Matsunaga , Eiichi N. Kodama , Kayoko Hayakawa , Norio Ohmagari\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jmii.2023.12.002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To date, few studies from the Asian region have reported the effectiveness of messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against disease progression and death after hospitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We evaluated the data from the COVID-19 registry in Japan during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases. A propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted between the incompletely (0–1 dose) and fully (2 doses) vaccinated groups during the delta-dominant phase and among the incompletely, fully, and booster (3 doses) vaccinated groups during the omicron-dominant phase.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the delta-dominant phase, 411 pairs were matched. The fully vaccinated group showed a significantly lower oxygen supplementation rate (24.1 % vs. 41.1 %, p < 0.001) but little difference in the mortality rate (2.2 % vs. 2.9 %, p = 0.66). In the omicron-dominant phase, 1494 pairs from the incompletely and fully vaccinated groups, and 425 pairs from the fully and booster vaccinated groups were matched. Full vaccination reduced both the oxygen supplementation rate (18.6 % vs 25.7 %, p < 0.001) and mortality rate (0.7 % vs 2.3 %, p < 0.001). Booster vaccination showed little difference in either the rate of oxygen supplementation (21.2 % vs. 24.7 %, p = 0.25) or mortality (1.2 % vs. 2.6 %, p = 0.21) compared with full vaccination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Full vaccination reduced disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases; booster vaccination did not further enhance the protective effects against disease progression during the omicron-dominant phase compared to full vaccination. Future vaccine strategies and policy decisions should consider preventing infection or disease progression in the target population, as well as the characteristics of the dominant variant in that phase.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":56117,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection\",\"volume\":\"57 1\",\"pages\":\"Pages 20-29\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118223002165/pdfft?md5=fc71b376b26e3d4718cf2f879f556244&pid=1-s2.0-S1684118223002165-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118223002165\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118223002165","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景迄今为止，亚洲地区很少有研究报告信使核糖核酸冠状病毒疾病2019（COVID-19）疫苗对疾病进展和住院后死亡的有效性。在δ主导阶段，在未完全接种组（0-1剂）和完全接种组（2剂）之间进行了倾向得分匹配队列研究；在ω主导阶段，在未完全接种组、完全接种组和加强接种组（3剂）之间进行了倾向得分匹配队列研究。完全接种组的补氧率明显较低（24.1% 对 41.1%，p<0.001），但死亡率差异不大（2.2% 对 2.9%，p=0.66）。在欧米伽马主导阶段，来自未完全接种组和完全接种组的 1,494 对以及来自完全接种组和加强接种组的 425 对进行了配对。完全接种降低了补氧率（18.6% 对 25.7%，p<0.001）和死亡率（0.7% 对 2.3%，p<0.001）。与全程接种相比，加强免疫在氧气补充率（21.2% vs. 24.7%，p=0.25）或死亡率（1.2% vs. 2.6%，p=0.21）方面几乎没有差异。结论全程接种可降低δ-和Ω-主导阶段的疾病严重程度；与全程接种相比，加强免疫并未进一步增强Ω-主导阶段对疾病进展的保护作用。未来的疫苗策略和政策决定应考虑预防目标人群的感染或疾病进展，以及该阶段优势变异体的特征。
Real-world effectiveness of full and booster mRNA vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 against disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases: A propensity score-matched cohort study using the nationwide registry data in Japan
Background
To date, few studies from the Asian region have reported the effectiveness of messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against disease progression and death after hospitalization.
Methods
We evaluated the data from the COVID-19 registry in Japan during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases. A propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted between the incompletely (0–1 dose) and fully (2 doses) vaccinated groups during the delta-dominant phase and among the incompletely, fully, and booster (3 doses) vaccinated groups during the omicron-dominant phase.
Results
In the delta-dominant phase, 411 pairs were matched. The fully vaccinated group showed a significantly lower oxygen supplementation rate (24.1 % vs. 41.1 %, p < 0.001) but little difference in the mortality rate (2.2 % vs. 2.9 %, p = 0.66). In the omicron-dominant phase, 1494 pairs from the incompletely and fully vaccinated groups, and 425 pairs from the fully and booster vaccinated groups were matched. Full vaccination reduced both the oxygen supplementation rate (18.6 % vs 25.7 %, p < 0.001) and mortality rate (0.7 % vs 2.3 %, p < 0.001). Booster vaccination showed little difference in either the rate of oxygen supplementation (21.2 % vs. 24.7 %, p = 0.25) or mortality (1.2 % vs. 2.6 %, p = 0.21) compared with full vaccination.
Conclusions
Full vaccination reduced disease severity during the delta- and omicron-dominant phases; booster vaccination did not further enhance the protective effects against disease progression during the omicron-dominant phase compared to full vaccination. Future vaccine strategies and policy decisions should consider preventing infection or disease progression in the target population, as well as the characteristics of the dominant variant in that phase.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection is an open access journal, committed to disseminating information on the latest trends and advances in microbiology, immunology, infectious diseases and parasitology. Article types considered include perspectives, review articles, original articles, brief reports and correspondence.
With the aim of promoting effective and accurate scientific information, an expert panel of referees constitutes the backbone of the peer-review process in evaluating the quality and content of manuscripts submitted for publication.
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