赞比亚大裂谷研究项目:探索非洲十字路口的人类进化史

IF 0.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY
Amy L. Rector , Lucas K. Delezene , Thierra K. Nalley , Amelia Villaseñor
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引用次数: 1

摘要

智人进化的关键事件发生在公元前 3.5 至 2.4 年之间,包括片状工具技术的起源以及智人属和古人类的首次出现。然而,由于非洲各地很少出露这一时期的沉积物,人们对这一时期的了解仍然很少。赞比亚东部的卢安瓜河谷是东非大裂谷系统最南端延伸部分的一部分;南卢安瓜出土的一块股骨化石被鉴定为Theropithecus cf. darti,暗示卢安瓜河谷存在这一时代的化石床。此外,在琅洼河附近的沉积物中还发现了中更新世化石以及早、中石器时代的人工制品。这些沉积物中的化石可以提供有关上更新世期间人类和哺乳动物多样化的数据。琅瓦河还孕育了丰富的现代哺乳动物群落,是重建类人古环境的重要模拟对象。然而,目前尚未完成对卢安瓜河谷现存或过去哺乳动物群落的系统生态学描述。新启动的赞比亚大裂谷研究项目(ZRVRP)将利用牙齿微磨损、珐琅质和胶原蛋白同位素组成、骨骼、化石和植被在地貌上的分布以及考古材料,分析卢安瓜河哺乳动物和人类群落的现代和化石生态。随着时间的推移,古环境变化、气候季节性和人类景观利用的模式将为其他上新世-更新世遗址提供重要的比较背景。在此,我们将介绍 ZRVRP 的目标、方法和社区参与情况,以及在启动新的古人类学实地研究时所面临的一些挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Zambia Rift Valley research project: Exploring human evolution at the crossroads of Africa

Key evolutionary events in hominin evolution occurred between 3.5 and 2.4 Ma, including the origins of flaked tool technology and the first appearance of the genera Homo and Paranthropus. This period remains poorly understood, however, because deposits of this age are rarely exposed across Africa. The Luangwa River Valley of eastern Zambia is part of the southernmost extension of the East African Rift System; a fossil femur from South Luangwa, identified as Theropithecus cf. darti, hints at the presence of fossiliferous beds of this age in the Luangwa Valley. Additionally, Middle Pleistocene fossils and Early and Middle Stone Age artifacts have also been recovered in sediments adjacent to the Luangwa River. Fossils from these deposits could contribute data on the diversification of hominins and mammals that occurred during the Plio-Pleistocene. The Luangwa River also supports a rich modern mammalian community that represents a critical analogue for reconstructing hominin paleoenvironments. However, no systematic ecological characterizations of living or past mammalian communities of the Luangwa River Valley have been completed. The newly initiated Zambia Rift Valley Research Project (ZRVRP) will analyze the ecology of modern and fossil Luangwa River mammalian and human communities using dental microwear, enamel and collagen isotopic composition, the distribution of bones, fossils, and vegetation on the landscape, and archaeological materials. Patterns of paleoenvironmental change, climatic seasonality, and hominin landscape use over time will provide important comparative context for other Plio-Pleistocene sites. Here, we describe the goals, methods, and community engagement of the ZRVRP, and some challenges involved in launching new paleoanthropological field research.

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来源期刊
Anthropologie
Anthropologie ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: First published in 1890, Anthropologie remains one of the most important journals devoted to prehistoric sciences and paleoanthropology. It regularly publishes thematic issues, originalsarticles and book reviews.
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