发育中的大脑结构网络:从成熟到神经外科意义

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY
Alessandro De Benedictis, Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet, Luca de Palma, Silvio Sarubbo, Carlo Efisio Marras
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引用次数: 0

摘要

现代神经科学一致认为,神经处理产生于多个皮层和皮层下神经元中枢之间的多模态相互作用,通过白质在远近距离上连接起来,形成一个很大程度上集成的动态网络,称为大脑“连接组”。这些电路的最终结构是由构成神经元相互作用的解剖基础的几个轴突通路的复杂、连续和高度持久的发育过程形成的。了解中枢神经系统的网络组织不仅对了解儿童神经发育的基础至关重要,而且可能对提高许多儿科疾病的神经外科治疗质量具有特殊意义。尽管有大量关于连接体的神经影像学研究,但在目前的儿科文献中,仍缺乏将该研究与神经外科实践联系起来的全面愿景。这篇综述的目的是帮助弥合这一差距。在第一部分中,我们总结了目前关于脑网络成熟的主要知识及其在正常神经认知发育的不同方面以及在特定疾病的病理生理学中的作用。最后一部分致力于确定这些知识在神经外科领域,特别是癫痫和肿瘤手术中的可能含义,并讨论未来研究的前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Structural networking of the developing brain: from maturation to neurosurgical implications
Modern neuroscience agrees that neurological processing emerges from the multimodal interaction among multiple cortical and subcortical neuronal hubs, connected at short and long distance by white matter, to form a largely integrated and dynamic network, called the brain “connectome.” The final architecture of these circuits results from a complex, continuous, and highly protracted development process of several axonal pathways that constitute the anatomical substrate of neuronal interactions. Awareness of the network organization of the central nervous system is crucial not only to understand the basis of children’s neurological development, but also it may be of special interest to improve the quality of neurosurgical treatments of many pediatric diseases. Although there are a flourishing number of neuroimaging studies of the connectome, a comprehensive vision linking this research to neurosurgical practice is still lacking in the current pediatric literature. The goal of this review is to contribute to bridging this gap. In the first part, we summarize the main current knowledge concerning brain network maturation and its involvement in different aspects of normal neurocognitive development as well as in the pathophysiology of specific diseases. The final section is devoted to identifying possible implications of this knowledge in the neurosurgical field, especially in epilepsy and tumor surgery, and to discuss promising perspectives for future investigations.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY-NEUROSCIENCES
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.40%
发文量
122
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Neuroanatomy publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research revealing important aspects of the anatomical organization of all nervous systems across all species. Specialty Chief Editor Javier DeFelipe at the Cajal Institute (CSIC) is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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