Laura A Robinson, C R Colin, K S Smith, M W Greene, A D Frugé
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Food group knowledge (FGK), and nutrient knowledge, DQ measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI), and PA reported in metabolic equivalent minutes per week (MET-min/week) were assessed using previously validated questionnaires. Height and weight were also self-reported to calculate BMI. Differences in these variables between NE groups were assessed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Change in DQ, PA and BMI were assessed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Stepwise backward regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors related to HEI and BMI status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three out of 83 total responses were valid. Respondents were 60% male, 81% white, 43% and 27% served in the Army and Navy, respectively and 30% reported receiving NE while in the military. Veterans who received NE while serving did not have higher FGK, nutrition knowledge, current DQ, MET-min/week or BMI than their counterparts. Overall, respondents reported decreased MET-min/week (p<0.001), increased BMI (p=0.01) and no change in DQ. PA (p=0.014) and FGK (p<0.001) were significant predictors of current DQ, while no variables significantly predicted current BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inverse relationships between BMI and PA were observed after separation from duty. These results warrant the development and implementation of effective lifestyle interventions in veterans to prevent chronic disease and improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"110-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Diet quality is associated with nutrition knowledge and physical activity in the US military veterans enrolled in university programmes.\",\"authors\":\"Laura A Robinson, C R Colin, K S Smith, M W Greene, A D Frugé\",\"doi\":\"10.1136/military-2023-002525\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Military veterans are at greater risk for chronic medical conditions, many of which are associated with greater body mass index (BMI). Detrimental changes to diet and physical activity (PA) levels after separation from military service contribute to this disparity which may be mitigated by nutrition education (NE) during service.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a survey in student veterans attending two southeastern US universities to determine current nutrition knowledge and hypothesised that NE received during time of service would be associated with better current diet quality (DQ), PA and BMI. Food group knowledge (FGK), and nutrient knowledge, DQ measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI), and PA reported in metabolic equivalent minutes per week (MET-min/week) were assessed using previously validated questionnaires. Height and weight were also self-reported to calculate BMI. Differences in these variables between NE groups were assessed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Change in DQ, PA and BMI were assessed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Stepwise backward regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors related to HEI and BMI status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three out of 83 total responses were valid. Respondents were 60% male, 81% white, 43% and 27% served in the Army and Navy, respectively and 30% reported receiving NE while in the military. Veterans who received NE while serving did not have higher FGK, nutrition knowledge, current DQ, MET-min/week or BMI than their counterparts. Overall, respondents reported decreased MET-min/week (p<0.001), increased BMI (p=0.01) and no change in DQ. PA (p=0.014) and FGK (p<0.001) were significant predictors of current DQ, while no variables significantly predicted current BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inverse relationships between BMI and PA were observed after separation from duty. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
导言:退伍军人罹患慢性疾病的风险更高,其中许多疾病与体重指数(BMI)升高有关。退伍后饮食和体育锻炼(PA)水平的不利变化是造成这种差异的原因之一,而在服役期间开展营养教育(NE)可能会缓解这种差异:我们对在美国东南部两所大学就读的退伍学生进行了一项调查,以确定他们目前的营养知识水平,并假设在服役期间接受的营养教育将与当前更好的饮食质量(DQ)、PA 和 BMI 相关联。研究人员使用以前验证过的问卷对食物类别知识(FGK)、营养素知识、以健康饮食指数(HEI)衡量的饮食质量以及以每周代谢当量分钟(MET-min/week)为单位的活动量进行了评估。身高和体重也是通过自我报告来计算体重指数的。采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验法评估 NE 组间这些变量的差异。DQ、PA 和 BMI 的变化采用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验进行评估。采用逐步回归分析找出与 HEI 和 BMI 状态相关的重要预测因素:在 83 份有效问卷中,有 63 份有效。受访者中 60% 为男性,81% 为白人,43% 和 27% 分别在陆军和海军服役,30% 的受访者表示在服役期间接受过 NE 治疗。与同类退伍军人相比,在服役期间接受过 NE 的退伍军人的 FGK、营养知识、当前 DQ、MET-min/week 或 BMI 都不高。总体而言,受访者报告的 MET-min/week 有所下降(p 结论:离职后观察到 BMI 与 PA 之间存在反向关系。这些结果表明,有必要为退伍军人制定和实施有效的生活方式干预措施,以预防慢性疾病和提高生活质量。
Diet quality is associated with nutrition knowledge and physical activity in the US military veterans enrolled in university programmes.
Introduction: Military veterans are at greater risk for chronic medical conditions, many of which are associated with greater body mass index (BMI). Detrimental changes to diet and physical activity (PA) levels after separation from military service contribute to this disparity which may be mitigated by nutrition education (NE) during service.
Methods: We conducted a survey in student veterans attending two southeastern US universities to determine current nutrition knowledge and hypothesised that NE received during time of service would be associated with better current diet quality (DQ), PA and BMI. Food group knowledge (FGK), and nutrient knowledge, DQ measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI), and PA reported in metabolic equivalent minutes per week (MET-min/week) were assessed using previously validated questionnaires. Height and weight were also self-reported to calculate BMI. Differences in these variables between NE groups were assessed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Change in DQ, PA and BMI were assessed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Stepwise backward regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors related to HEI and BMI status.
Results: Sixty-three out of 83 total responses were valid. Respondents were 60% male, 81% white, 43% and 27% served in the Army and Navy, respectively and 30% reported receiving NE while in the military. Veterans who received NE while serving did not have higher FGK, nutrition knowledge, current DQ, MET-min/week or BMI than their counterparts. Overall, respondents reported decreased MET-min/week (p<0.001), increased BMI (p=0.01) and no change in DQ. PA (p=0.014) and FGK (p<0.001) were significant predictors of current DQ, while no variables significantly predicted current BMI.
Conclusions: Inverse relationships between BMI and PA were observed after separation from duty. These results warrant the development and implementation of effective lifestyle interventions in veterans to prevent chronic disease and improve quality of life.