{"title":"23 GPa流变性转变前后顽辉石球粒质地幔的部分熔体成分:对地幔化学分异的启示","authors":"Hideharu Kuwahara","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2023.107123","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terrestrial planets are thought to be made of chondritic materials. However, previous studies have suggested that the Earth's upper mantle is depleted in some incompatible refractory lithophile elements (RLEs), such as U and Th in comparison with chondritic values. To explain the compositional contradiction between the upper mantle and chondrites, a hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs in the lower mantle has been proposed. These studies have invoked a possible formation of hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs during magma ocean solidification and by subsequent mantle overturn due to the gravitational instability of Fe-rich dense cumulates. However, the density of partial melt and its fate in a crystallizing deep magma ocean is still debated. Here we report partial melt compositions of enstatite chondritic mantle at 23 GPa as a function of the extent of melting. The results show that bridgmanite crystallized in a chondritic magma ocean becomes enriched in Fe and Ca with decreasing extent of melting and prevents the crystallization of ferropericlase and CaSiO<sub>3</sub> perovskite (Davemaoite). At the rheological transition (the extent of melting of 40% based on mass balance calculation), where the solid-liquid separation efficiently occurs even in the case of equilibrium crystallization, the solid part is mostly composed of bridgmanite with a trace amount of majorite, and the melt becomes enriched in FeO and CaO compared to the initial chondritic composition. The calculated density of the melt at the rheological transition is lighter than bridgmanite, but denser than majorite, suggesting that the melt may have ponded at the bottom of the mantle transition zone. The melt ponded around 660 km depth may have been enriched in incompatible RLEs and formed the hidden reservoir for missing RLEs if this melt-bearing region is stable against subsequent mantle convection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 107123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031920123001498/pdfft?md5=f0a346752bbe73bb3f8971d8b79687bb&pid=1-s2.0-S0031920123001498-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Partial melt composition of enstatite chondritic mantle around the rheological transition at 23 GPa: Implications for the chemical differentiation of the Earth's mantle\",\"authors\":\"Hideharu Kuwahara\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.pepi.2023.107123\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Terrestrial planets are thought to be made of chondritic materials. However, previous studies have suggested that the Earth's upper mantle is depleted in some incompatible refractory lithophile elements (RLEs), such as U and Th in comparison with chondritic values. To explain the compositional contradiction between the upper mantle and chondrites, a hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs in the lower mantle has been proposed. These studies have invoked a possible formation of hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs during magma ocean solidification and by subsequent mantle overturn due to the gravitational instability of Fe-rich dense cumulates. However, the density of partial melt and its fate in a crystallizing deep magma ocean is still debated. Here we report partial melt compositions of enstatite chondritic mantle at 23 GPa as a function of the extent of melting. The results show that bridgmanite crystallized in a chondritic magma ocean becomes enriched in Fe and Ca with decreasing extent of melting and prevents the crystallization of ferropericlase and CaSiO<sub>3</sub> perovskite (Davemaoite). At the rheological transition (the extent of melting of 40% based on mass balance calculation), where the solid-liquid separation efficiently occurs even in the case of equilibrium crystallization, the solid part is mostly composed of bridgmanite with a trace amount of majorite, and the melt becomes enriched in FeO and CaO compared to the initial chondritic composition. The calculated density of the melt at the rheological transition is lighter than bridgmanite, but denser than majorite, suggesting that the melt may have ponded at the bottom of the mantle transition zone. The melt ponded around 660 km depth may have been enriched in incompatible RLEs and formed the hidden reservoir for missing RLEs if this melt-bearing region is stable against subsequent mantle convection.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54614,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors\",\"volume\":\"346 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107123\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-11-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031920123001498/pdfft?md5=f0a346752bbe73bb3f8971d8b79687bb&pid=1-s2.0-S0031920123001498-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031920123001498\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031920123001498","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Partial melt composition of enstatite chondritic mantle around the rheological transition at 23 GPa: Implications for the chemical differentiation of the Earth's mantle
Terrestrial planets are thought to be made of chondritic materials. However, previous studies have suggested that the Earth's upper mantle is depleted in some incompatible refractory lithophile elements (RLEs), such as U and Th in comparison with chondritic values. To explain the compositional contradiction between the upper mantle and chondrites, a hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs in the lower mantle has been proposed. These studies have invoked a possible formation of hidden reservoir for incompatible RLEs during magma ocean solidification and by subsequent mantle overturn due to the gravitational instability of Fe-rich dense cumulates. However, the density of partial melt and its fate in a crystallizing deep magma ocean is still debated. Here we report partial melt compositions of enstatite chondritic mantle at 23 GPa as a function of the extent of melting. The results show that bridgmanite crystallized in a chondritic magma ocean becomes enriched in Fe and Ca with decreasing extent of melting and prevents the crystallization of ferropericlase and CaSiO3 perovskite (Davemaoite). At the rheological transition (the extent of melting of 40% based on mass balance calculation), where the solid-liquid separation efficiently occurs even in the case of equilibrium crystallization, the solid part is mostly composed of bridgmanite with a trace amount of majorite, and the melt becomes enriched in FeO and CaO compared to the initial chondritic composition. The calculated density of the melt at the rheological transition is lighter than bridgmanite, but denser than majorite, suggesting that the melt may have ponded at the bottom of the mantle transition zone. The melt ponded around 660 km depth may have been enriched in incompatible RLEs and formed the hidden reservoir for missing RLEs if this melt-bearing region is stable against subsequent mantle convection.
期刊介绍:
Launched in 1968 to fill the need for an international journal in the field of planetary physics, geodesy and geophysics, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors has now grown to become important reading matter for all geophysicists. It is the only journal to be entirely devoted to the physical and chemical processes of planetary interiors.
Original research papers, review articles, short communications and book reviews are all published on a regular basis; and from time to time special issues of the journal are devoted to the publication of the proceedings of symposia and congresses which the editors feel will be of particular interest to the reader.