同位素比质谱法(IRMS)在人体鉴定中的法医应用

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Lesley A. Chesson , Gregory E. Berg , Amelia J. Edwards , Thuan H. Chau , Lyndi Low , Daniel L. Johnson , Alina C. Tichinin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

同位素比质谱法(IRMS)在骨骼遗骸上的应用已成为研究人类行为和历史的重要工具。胶原蛋白、牙釉质和角蛋白的同位素变化反映了个体饮食和饮用水的变化。由于食物和水源通常在地理上有联系,同位素测试可以通过将遗骸分类为可能的地理或人口来源来协助法医鉴定。如果遗骸混合在一起,饮食或地理来源的差异也可以支持它们的分离。IRMS在法医科学中的有用性取决于同位素测试结果的潜在质量和准确性;换句话说,我们需要了解它们在解释中的可靠性。为了掌握同位素数据质量,我们建议提出一系列问题:1。质谱仪和相关外围设备的工作情况如何?测试结果是否可重复(随时间和地点之间)?我们能区分我们想要区分的人群吗?感兴趣的总体变化有多大?这些样品的同位素变化了吗?样本的变化有多大?在这里,我们使用在国防部战俘/失踪人员会计局(DPAA)建立和认证同位素测试项目期间收集的数据来回答上述问题,以用于IRMS在人体识别中的法医应用。虽然我们主要关注的是骨胶原的制备和分析,但在法医案件中使用同位素测试时,应该考虑上述问题。无论是药物还是人类,橄榄还是炸药,用户都需要评估他们的同位素数据和解释,以确保它们在科学上是合理的,在法律上是可辩护的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Forensic application of isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) for human identification

Application of isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to skeletal remains has become an important tool to investigate human behavior and history. Isotopic variations in collagen, enamel, and keratin reflect variations in an individual’s diet and drinking water. Since food and water sources typically are geographically linked, isotope testing can assist in forensic identification by classifying remains to a likely geographic or population origin. If remains are commingled, differences in diet or geographic origin also can support their separation.

The usefulness of IRMS in forensic science is dependent on the underlying quality and surety of the isotope test results; in other words, we need to understand their reliability in interpretations. To take ownership of isotopic data quality, we recommend asking a series of questions:

  • 1.

    How well are the mass spectrometer and associated peripheral(s) operating?

  • 2.

    Are test results reproducible (over time and between locations)?

  • 3.

    Can we differentiate between populations that we would like to?

  • 4.

    How variable are the populations of interest?

  • 5.

    Have the samples been isotopically altered?

  • 6.

    How variable are the samples?

Here, we use data collected during the buildout and accreditation of an isotope testing program at the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) to answer the above questions for the forensic application of IRMS for human identification. While our primary focus is on the preparation and analysis of bone collagen, the questions above should be considered whenever isotope testing is used in forensic casework. Whether the populations of interest are drugs or humans, olives or explosives, users need to evaluate their isotopic data and interpretations to ensure they are scientifically sound and legally defensible.
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来源期刊
Science & Justice
Science & Justice 医学-病理学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
15.80%
发文量
98
审稿时长
81 days
期刊介绍: Science & Justice provides a forum to promote communication and publication of original articles, reviews and correspondence on subjects that spark debates within the Forensic Science Community and the criminal justice sector. The journal provides a medium whereby all aspects of applying science to legal proceedings can be debated and progressed. Science & Justice is published six times a year, and will be of interest primarily to practising forensic scientists and their colleagues in related fields. It is chiefly concerned with the publication of formal scientific papers, in keeping with its international learned status, but will not accept any article describing experimentation on animals which does not meet strict ethical standards. Promote communication and informed debate within the Forensic Science Community and the criminal justice sector. To promote the publication of learned and original research findings from all areas of the forensic sciences and by so doing to advance the profession. To promote the publication of case based material by way of case reviews. To promote the publication of conference proceedings which are of interest to the forensic science community. To provide a medium whereby all aspects of applying science to legal proceedings can be debated and progressed. To appeal to all those with an interest in the forensic sciences.
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