创伤,基因,还是精神?制定一个量表,以便更细致地了解难民对心理健康问题的因果归因

IF 4.1 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Lars Dumke, Sarah Wilker, Hawkar Ibrahim, Cara Hohaus, Frank Neuner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

只有一小部分需要治疗的难民实际上接受了心理治疗。除了结构性障碍外,人们还假设,偏离西方解释模型的心理健康问题的因果归因可能会减少难民寻求帮助的行为。普遍的假设表明,难民主要持有与心理治疗的基本原理不相容的因果信念。检验这些假设需要一个可靠的评估工具来评估难民的因果信念。因此,我们开发了心理健康问题因果归因量表(MH-CAUSE),并在生活在德国的中东难民样本(N = 429)中进行了验证。包括探索性和验证性因子分析、内部一致性和收敛效度在内的心理测量分析结果表明,MH-CAUSE是评估难民心理健康问题因果信念的合适工具。我们的研究结果表明,难民的因果归因符合精神疾病的生物-心理-社会-精神模型。与通常的假设相反,大多数参与者主要通过社会心理和生物医学原因来解释精神疾病,而精神信仰仅与少数参与者相关。我们观察到因果信念与寻求帮助的态度和行为之间存在显著的关联。然而,效应大小只有小到中等。虽然心理健康信仰可能导致心理健康不平等,但不应过分强调所谓的难民文化差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trauma, genes, or spirits? Development of a scale to provide a more nuanced understanding of refugees' causal attributions for mental health problems

Only a small proportion of refugees requiring treatment actually receive psychotherapy. Alongside structural barriers, it has been hypothesized that causal attributions for mental health problems that deviate from Western explanatory models may reduce refugees' help-seeking behavior. Prevailing assumptions suggest that refugees predominantly hold causal beliefs that are incompatible with the rationales of psychotherapy. Testing these assumptions requires a reliable assessment tool to evaluate refugees' causal beliefs. Therefore, we developed the Causal Attributions for Mental Health Problems Scale (MH-CAUSE) and validated it in a sample of Middle Eastern refugees living in Germany (N = 429). The outcomes of the psychometric analysis, which included exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and convergent validity, indicate that the MH-CAUSE is a suitable instrument for assessing refugees' causal beliefs about mental health problems. Our findings suggest that refugees' causal attributions are in line with a biopsychosocial-spiritual model of mental illness. Contrary to common assumptions, the majority of participants predominantly explained mental illness via psychosocial and biomedical causes, whereas spiritual beliefs were relevant only for a minority of participants. We observed significant associations between causal beliefs and help-seeking attitudes and behavior. However, effect sizes were only small to moderate. While mental health beliefs might contribute to mental health inequities, alleged cultural differences of refugees should not be overemphasized.

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来源期刊
SSM. Mental health
SSM. Mental health Social Psychology, Health
CiteScore
2.30
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审稿时长
118 days
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